Table 4 Odds ratios for antidepressant medications and Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized adults
From: Depression, antidepressant medications, and risk of Clostridium difficileinfection
Unadjusted | Adjusteda | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medications | Using medication, n | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value |
Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic anti-depressants | |||||||
Mirtazapine | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 99 | 2.11 | 1.29 to 3.45 | 0.003 | 2.14 | 1.30 to 3.52 | 0.003 |
Doses given, n | 1.08 | 1.01 to 1.16 | 0.018 | 1.08 | 1.01 to 1.16 | 0.020 | |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | |||||||
Fluoxetine | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 99 | 1.98 | 1.20 to 3.26 | 0.008 | 1.92 | 1.16 to 3.17 | 0.012 |
Doses given, n | 1.06 | 1.00 to 1.12 | 0.036 | 1.06 | 1.00 to 1.12 | 0.046 | |
Escitalopram | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 80 | 0.97 | 0.48 to 1.95 | 0.929 | 0.98 | 0.48 to 1.97 | 0.945 |
Doses given, n | 1.04 | 0.98 to 1.10 | 0.191 | 1.04 | 0.98 to 1.09 | 0.234 | |
Citalopram | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 310 | 0.90 | 0.62 to 1.32 | 0.599 | 0.90 | 0.62 to 1.31 | 0.569 |
Doses given, n | 0.99 | 0.94 to 1.04 | 0.620 | 0.98 | 0.94 to 1.04 | 0.566 | |
Sertraline | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 207 | 0.90 | 0.58 to 1.42 | 0.666 | 0.88 | 0.56 to 1.39 | 0.583 |
Doses given, n | 0.98 | 0.93 to 1.04 | 0.486 | 0.98 | 0.92 to 1.04 | 0.461 | |
Paroxetine | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 78 | 0.87 | 0.42 to 1.82 | 0.716 | 0.86 | 0.41 to 1.80 | 0.692 |
Doses given, n | 0.98 | 0.88 to 1.09 | 0.693 | 0.98 | 0.88 to 1.09 | 0.680 | |
Tricyclic anti-depressants | |||||||
Nortriptyline | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 49 | 1.98 | 0.98 to 4.00 | 0.056 | 1.96 | 0.97 to 3.97 | 0.062 |
Doses given, n | 1.11 | 1.02 to 1.20 | 0.015 | 1.11 | 1.02 to 1.20 | 0.017 | |
Amitriptyline | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 63 | 1.45 | 0.73 to 2.88 | 0.284 | 1.43 | 0.72 to 2.84 | 0.307 |
Doses given, n | 1.04 | 0.96 to 1.14 | 0.337 | 1.04 | 0.96 to 1.14 | 0.343 | |
Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors | |||||||
Trazodone | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 405 | 1.23 | 0.91 to 1.66 | 0.182 | 1.21 | 0.90 to 1.65 | 0.211 |
Doses given, n | 1.04 | 0.98 to 1.10 | 0.184 | 1.04 | 0.98 to 1.10 | 0.197 | |
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors | |||||||
Duloxetine | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 82 | 1.19 | 0.63 to 2.26 | 0.597 | 1.15 | 0.60 to 2.19 | 0.681 |
Doses given, n | 1.01 | 0.94 to 1.09 | 0.690 | 1.01 | 0.94 to 1.09 | 0.788 | |
Venlafaxine | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 58 | 0.72 | 0.29 to 1.81 | 0.482 | 0.71 | 0.28 to 1.78 | 0.464 |
Doses given, n | 1.05 | 0.95 to 1.16 | 0.367 | 1.05 | 0.94 to 1.16 | 0.401 | |
Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors | |||||||
Bupropion | |||||||
Use (versus no use) | 97 | 1.08 | 0.59 to 2.00 | 0.801 | 1.02 | 0.55 to 1.89 | 0.948 |
Doses given, n | 0.95 | 0.85 to 1.06 | 0.357 | 0.94 | 0.85 to 1.05 | 0.306 | |