Table 1 Characteristics of cancer patients who die from cancer (cases) compared with controls, by cancer site
Breast cancer | Colorectal cancer | Prostate cancer | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Controls | P | Cases | Controls | P | Cases | Controls | P | |
number (%) | number (%) | number (%) | number (%) | number (%) | number (%) | ||||
Year of diagnosis | |||||||||
1998 to 2000 | 500 (35) | 2,466 (35) | N.A. | 379 (25) | 1,842 (25) | N.A. | 396 (33) | 1,941 (33) | N.A. |
2001 to 2003 | 518 (36) | 2,570 (36) | 564 (37) | 2,721 (37) | 461 (39) | 2,281 (39) | |||
2003 to 2006 | 417 (29) | 2,070 (29) | 568 (38) | 2,728 (37) | 327 (28) | 1,627 (28) | |||
Age at diagnosis (years) | |||||||||
<50 | 339 (24) | 1,667 (23) | N.A. | 90 (6) | 330 (5) | N.A. | 6 (1) | 20 (0) | N.A. |
50 to 59 | 286 (20) | 1,430 (20) | 226 (15) | 1,117 (15) | 71 (6) | 351(6) | |||
60 to 69 | 273 (19) | 1,365 (19) | 401 (27) | 2,001 (27) | 280 (24) | 1,400 (24) | |||
70 to 79 | 318 (22) | 1,588 (22) | 496 (33) | 2,472 (34) | 532 (45) | 2,660 (45) | |||
≥ 80 | 219 (15) | 1,056 (15) | 298 (20) | 1,371 (19) | 295 (25) | 1,418 (24) | |||
Male | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | N.A. | 871 (58) | 4,231 (58) | N.A. | 1,184(100) | 5,849 (100) | N.A. |
Exposure period (years): | |||||||||
Mean (sd) | 3.9 (2.3) | 3.9 (2.3) | N.A. | 2.8 (1.6) | 2.9 (1.7) | N.A. | 3.8 (2.2) | 3.7 (2.2) | N.A. |
Range | 1.0 to 12.8 | 1.0 to 12.8 | N.A. | 1.0 to 10.5 | 1.0 to 10.5 | N.A. | 1.0 to 11.9 | 1.0 to 11.9 | |
Stage:1 | 72 (11) | 1,471 (43) | <0.001 | 61 (6) | 1,044 (18) | <0.001 | |||
2 | 402 (61) | 1,676 (49) | 275 (25) | 2,496 (44) | |||||
3 | 116 (18) | 220 (6) | 558 (51) | 1,981 (35) | |||||
4 | 64 (10) | 40 (1) | 203 (19) | 195 (3) | |||||
Missing | 781 | 3,699 | 414 | 1,575 | |||||
Grade:Well | 54 (6) | 751 (19) | 81 (7) | 562 (9) | <0.001 | 34 (4) | 538 (13) | <0.001 | |
Moderate | 377 (41) | 1,900 (49) | 889 (75) | 4,894 (78) | 217 (28) | 2,067 (48) | |||
Poor | 492 (53) | 1,217 (31) | 208 (17) | 818 (13) | 516 (67) | 1,683 (39) | |||
Missing | 512 | 3,280 | 333 | 1017 | 417 | 1561 | |||
Treatment within six months of diagnosis | |||||||||
Chemotherapy | 573 (40) | 1,611 (23) | <0.001 | 651 (43) | 1,916 (26) | <0.001 | 49 (4) | 137 (2) | <0.001 |
Radiotherapy | 700 (49) | 3,355 (47) | 0.22 | 302 (20) | 1,066 (15) | <0.001 | 246 (21) | 1,276 (22) | 0.48 |
Surgery | 1,087 (76) | 5,982 (84) | <0.001 | 1,214 (80) | 65,15 (89) | <0.001 | |||
Tamoxifen therapy | 709 (49) | 4,610 (65) | <0.001 | ||||||
Androgen therapy | 976 (82) | 3,450 (59) | <0.001 | ||||||
Radical prostatectomya | 20 (2) | 331 (8) | <0.001 | ||||||
Smoking prior to diagnosis | 0.03 | 0.01 | <0.001 | ||||||
Non-smoker | 710 (60) | 3,827 (64) | 640 (51) | 3,138 (52) | 453 (47) | 2,541 (52) | |||
Ex-smoker | 226 (19) | 1,072 (18) | 365 (29) | 1,885 (31) | 331 (34) | 1,660 (34) | |||
Current smoker | 249 (21) | 1,094 (18) | 249 (20) | 983 (16) | 185 (19) | 674 (14) | |||
Missing | 250 | 1,113 | 257 | 1285 | 215 | 974 | |||
BMI prior to diagnosis | 0.01 | 0.66 | 0.05 | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 26.6 (5.5) | 26.2 (5.1) | 26.5 (4.7) | 26.6 (4.8) | 26.4 (4.0) | 26.1 (3.7) | |||
Missing | 386 | 1,633 | 412 | 1,810 | 302 | 1,362 | |||
Alcohol prior to diagnosis | 0.58 | 0.47 | 0.37 | ||||||
Alcohol consumer | 831 (80) | 4,333 (81) | 950 (87) | 4,585 (86) | 791 (89) | 4,047 (90) | |||
Missing | 401 | 1,779 | 420 | 1,977 | 298 | 1366 | |||
Comorbidity (prior to diagnosis or during follow-up time) | |||||||||
Cerebrovascular | 89 (6) | 383 (5) | 0.53 | 117 (8) | 493 (7) | 0.19 | 124 (10) | 509 (9) | 0.07 |
C.P.D. | 264 (18) | 1,247 (18) | 0.60 | 236 (16) | 1295 (18) | 0.06 | 229 (19) | 1,110 (19) | 0.80 |
C.H.D. | 60 (4) | 249 (4) | 0.68 | 91 (6) | 367 (5) | 0.13 | 108 (9) | 395 (7) | 0.01 |
Diabetes | 126 (9) | 468 (7) | 0.02 | 192 (13) | 866 (12) | 0.21 | 141 (12) | 619 (11) | 0.17 |
Myocardial infarction | 26 (2) | 148 (2) | 0.74 | 104 (7) | 454 (6) | 0.32 | 130 (11) | 522 (9) | 0.03 |
Peptic ulcer disease | 39 (3) | 184 (3) | 0.79 | 111 (7) | 477 (7) | 0.19 | 77 (7) | 440 (8) | 0.18 |
P.V.D. | 51 (4) | 165 (2) | 0.003 | 64 (4) | 331 (5) | 0.70 | 113 (10) | 396 (7) | 0.001 |
Renal disease | 78 (5) | 382 (5) | 0.92 | 107 (7) | 478 (7) | 0.45 | 138 (12) | 509 (9) | 0.001 |
Rheumatological | 76 (5) | 330 (5) | 0.35 | 55 (4) | 272 (4) | 0.82 | 37 (3) | 287 (5) | 0.01 |