| Individual ACEs | ACE count | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parental separation | Childhood abuse | Household member | 0 | 1 | 2 to 3 | 4+ | |||||||
Verbal | Physical | Sexual | Mental illness | Domestic violence | Alcohol abuse | Incarceration | Drug abuse | Â | |||||
Prevalence, % | 22.6 | 17.3 | 14.3 | 6.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 9.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 53.6 | 22.7 | 15.4 | 8.3 |
Age, years | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 18 to 29 | 34.6 | 17.4 | 11.4 | 4.8 | 13.1 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 47.2 | 25.0 | 19.1 | 8.6 |
 30 to3 9 | 25.1 | 18.9 | 14.6 | 6.0 | 12.7 | 14.0 | 11.3 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 52.8 | 21.8 | 14.2 | 11.1 |
 40 to 49 | 25.9 | 19.5 | 15.6 | 7.2 | 13.0 | 14.2 | 10.4 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 51.1 | 23.6 | 14.6 | 10.7 |
 50 to 59 | 16.6 | 17.3 | 16.7 | 7.4 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 8.3 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 58.2 | 19.3 | 14.2 | 8.3 |
 60 to 69 | 10.1 | 13.4 | 13.7 | 5.6 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 5.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 59.5 | 23.1 | 14.4 | 3.0 |
 χ² | 161.302 | 12.498 | 10.329 | 6.548 | 4.889 | 13.253 | 21.283 | 41.206 | 46.586 | 71.239 | |||
 P | <0.001 | 0.014 | 0.035 | 0.162 | 0.299 | 0.010 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 21.4 | 15.8 | 14.9 | 4.5 | 10.0 | 11.5 | 7.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 54.3 | 23.8 | 15.0 | 6.9 |
 Female | 23.6 | 18.5 | 13.9 | 7.5 | 13.8 | 12.6 | 10.0 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 53.1 | 21.8 | 15.6 | 9.5 |
 χ² | 2.802 | 5.116 | 0.888 | 14.729 | 13.093 | 1.097 | 4.994 | 1.355 | 0.097 | 9.628 | |||
 P | 0.094 | 0.024 | 0.346 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.295 | 0.025 | 0.244 | 0.755 | 0.022 | |||
Deprivation quintile a | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
1 | 16.8 | 12.7 | 10.4 | 5.1 | 10.6 | 8.3 | 5.2 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 59.1 | 24.9 | 11.6 | 4.3 |
2 | 21.8 | 17.2 | 13.6 | 5.3 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 9.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 52.5 | 25.1 | 14.8 | 7.7 |
3 | 22.5 | 15.5 | 14.2 | 5.2 | 12.9 | 11.2 | 8.4 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 54.2 | 23.1 | 15.9 | 6.8 |
4 | 24.3 | 18.4 | 14.9 | 7.6 | 11.3 | 12.3 | 10.1 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 53.8 | 18.9 | 17.3 | 10.0 |
(most deprived) 5 | 27.7 | 22.6 | 18.5 | 7.4 | 14.1 | 15.8 | 12.5 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 48.8 | 21.5 | 17.1 | 12.7 |
 χ² | 28.715 | 29.779 | 21.916 | 8.875 | 6.075 | 21.608 | 27.001 | 37.976 | 23.569 | 66.372 | |||
 P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.064 | 0.194 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 White | 23.9 | 17.7 | 13.9 | 6.4 | 12.6 | 11.9 | 9.5 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 52.1 | 23.9 | 15.7 | 8.3 |
 Asian | 5.5 | 10.4 | 12.7 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 11.7 | 5.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 70.1 | 14.6 | 10.1 | 5.2 |
 Other | 26.5 | 20.2 | 22.9 | 7.2 | 11.2 | 15.2 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 5.8 | 54.7 | 14.8 | 18.4 | 12.1 |
 χ² | 56.670 | 12.028 | 14.390 | 5.136 | 8.109 | 2.221 | 4.738 | 10.425 | 2.959 | 49.138 | |||
 P | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.077 | 0.017 | 0.329 | 0.094 | 0.005 | 0.228 | <0.001 | |||
Adjusted ACE prevalence b | 24.3 | 18.2 | 14.8 | 6.3 | 12.0 | 13.1 | 9.7 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 52.1 | 22.8 | 16.1 | 9.0 |