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Table 6 AORs for health risk behaviors in ACE count groups

From: National household survey of adverse childhood experiences and their relationship with resilience to health-harming behaviors in England

Outcome

n

ACE Count (reference category 0 ACEs)

Demographic factors

  

P

1

P

2 to 3

P

4+

P

Ethnicity

Age

Sex

IMD

   

AOR (95% CI)

 

AOR (95% CI)

 

AOR (95% CI)

     

Sexual behavior

            

 Unintended teenage pregnancy (<18 years)a

3836

<0.001

1.95 (1.32 to 2.89)

<0.01

2.72 (1.83 to 4.04)

<0.001

5.86 (3.93 to 8.74)

<0.001

<0.05

ns

<0.001

<0.001

 Early sexual initiation (<16 years)

3374

<0.001

1.93 (1.52 to 2.47)

<0.001

2.39 (1.83 to 3.10)

<0.001

4.77 (3.56 to 6.39)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Substance use

            

 Smoking (current)

3885

<0.001

1.20 (0.98 to 1.47)

ns

1.64 (1.32 to 2.04)

<0.001

3.29 (2.54 to 4.27)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Binge drinking (current)

3885

<0.001

1.36 (1.05 to 1.75)

<0.05

1.34 (1.00 to 1.80)

<0.05

2.08 (1.47 to 2.94)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.01

<0.001

<0.05

 Cannabis use (lifetime)

3878

<0.001

1.80 (1.45 to 2.23)

<0.001

2.53 (2.01 to 3.20)

<0.001

6.20 (4.74 to 8.12)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

ns

 Heroin or crack cocaine use (lifetime)

3882

<0.001

1.58 (0.77 to 3.26)

ns

4.79 (2.55 to 8.97)

<0.001

10.88 (5.86 to 20.18)

<0.001

ns

<0.001

<0.001

ns

Violence and criminal justice

            

 Violence victimization (past year)

3883

<0.001

1.60 (1.04 to 2.48)

<0.05

4.42 (3.00 to 6.51)

<0.001

7.48 (4.92 to 11.38)

<0.001

ns

<0.001

<0.001

ns

 Violence perpetration (past year)

3884

<0.001

1.71 (1.06 to 2.75)

<0.05

4.30 (2.80 to 6.59)

<0.001

7.71 (4.90 to 12.14)

<0.001

ns

<0.001

<0.001

ns

 Incarceration (lifetime)

3879

<0.001

2.63 (1.84 to 3.77)

<0.001

3.65 (2.50 to 5.33)

<0.001

11.34 (7.67 to 16.75)

<0.001

<0.05

<0.05

<0.001

<0.001

Diet, weight and exercise

            

 Poor diet (current)

3879

<0.001

1.23 (0.99 to 1.54)

ns

1.38 (1.08 to 1.77)

<0.05

2.00 (1.49 to 2.67)

<0.001

ns

<0.01

<0.001

<0.001

 Low physical exercise (current)

3881

ns

      

<0.05

<0.001

<0.01

<0.01

  1. Abbreviations: ACE adverse childhood experience; AOR adjusted odds ratios; IMD Index of Multiple Deprivation; NS not significant.
  2. aAccidentally got pregnant (females) or got someone else pregnant (males).