Table 2 Drug classification

From: Association between the number of coadministered P-glycoprotein inhibitors and serum digoxin levels in patients on therapeutic drug monitoring

Class I substance	No. of patients using the drug	References
Amiodarone	12	[21], [22]
Atorvastatin	12	[11], [20]
Cyclosporine A	3	[23]
Dipyridamole	12	[24]
Quinidine	1	[1], [25]
Quinine	1	[26], [27]
Spironolactone	106	[25]
Verapamil	31	[25]
Class II substance	No. of patients using the drug	References
Bromocriptine	1	[28]
Flupentixol	1	[29]
Glibenclamide	46	[30]
Isradipine	2	[21], [31]
Lansoprazole	51	[32]
Loperamide	2	[33], [34]
Medroxyprogesterone	2	[35]
Omeprazole	35	[32]
Pantoprazole	6	[32]
Paroxetine	6	[36]
Sertraline	29	[36], [37]
Simvastatin	17	[20]
Terfenadine	1	[38]

The coadministered drugs were classified for their effects on P-gp and on digoxin pharmacokinetics. Class I P-gp inhibitors have well-documented effects on digoxin pharmacokinetics in vivo, while Class II P-gp inhibitors have established P-gp inhibitory effects in vitro and putative effects on S-digoxin in vivo.

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