Table 28 Sensitivity analyses for smoking-adjusted data. Effect of removing relative risk/odds ratio estimates with largest Q2 values on heterogeneity and random-effects meta-analysis estimates
From: Systematic review of the relation between smokeless tobacco and cancer in Europe and North America
Cancer (number of estimates) | RR/OR estimate removed | Â | Heterogeneity | Random-effects RR/OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Id. | RR/OR | Q2 | χ2 | P |  |
Oropharyngeal (n = 19) |  |  |  | 69.5 | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.04–1.77) |
|  | 35 | 2.67 (1.83–3.90) | 15.6 | 52.2 | < 0.001 | 1.27 (0.99–1.64) |
|  | 13 | 2.05 (1.48–2.83) | 12.2 | 37.9 | 0.002 | 1.20 (0.94–1.52) |
|  | 43 | 6.20 (1.90–19.80) | 8.9 | 28.9 | 0.017 | 1.11 (0.90–1.38) |
|  | 7 | 0.70 (0.50–0.90) | 6.2 | 21.0 | 0.101 | 1.17 (0.95–1.45) |
Pancreatic (n = 7) |  |  |  | 21.2 | 0.002 | 1.07 (0.71–1.60) |
|  | 5 | 1.67 (1.12–2.50) | 6.0 | 13.8 | 0.017 | 0.95 (0.63–1.46) |
|  | 1 | 1.70 (0.90–3.10) | 4.1 | 9.2 | 0.057 | 0.83 (0.54–1.28) |
Overall digestive (n = 5) |  |  |  | 17.3 | 0.002 | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) |
|  | 19 | 0.40 (0.24–0.69) | 13.3 | 3.1 | 0.382 | 1.14 (0.99–1.33) |
Lung (n = 6) |  |  |  | 28.7 | < 0.001 | 0.99 (0.71–1.37) |
|  | 6 | 1.77 (1.14–2.74) | 15.5 | 12.7 | 0.013 | 0.83 (0.63–1.08) |
|  | 2 | 6.80 (1.60–28.5) | 9.4 | 3.3 | 0.343 | 0.72 (0.65–0.80) |
Bladder (n = 10) |  |  |  | 22.3 | 0.008 | 0.95 (0.71–1.29) |
|  | 12 | 1.67 (1.09–2.55) | 6.9 | 14.3 | 0.074 | 0.86 (0.65–1.13) |
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 3) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
|  |  |  |  | 9.5 | 0.009 | 1.35 (0.62–2.95) |
|  | 19 | 4.00 (1.30–12.0) | 6.9 | 2.2 | 0.137 | 0.92 (0.57–1.50) |
Overall (n = 7) |  |  |  | 27.1 | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.84–1.15) |
|  | 12 | 0.64 (0.53–0.78) | 21.4 | 2.8 | 0.725 | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) |