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Table 4 Estimated Odds Ratios from Multilevel Logistic Models (outcome of good health)

From: The relationship between trust in mass media and the healthcare system and individual health: evidence from the AsiaBarometer Survey

Variable

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6 **

Fixed parameters

      

   Male gender

1.21 (1.15–1.27) *

1.22 (1.16–1.29) *

1.22 (1.15–1.28) *

1.21 (1.15–1.28) *

1.25 (1.18–1.32) *

1.23 (1.16–1.30) *

Age

      

   30–39 yr

0.73 (0.68–0.78) *

0.73 (0.68–0.79) *

0.73 (0.68–0.79) *

0.76 (0.70–0.81) *

0.71 (0.66–0.77) *

0.75 (0.69–0.81) *

   40–49

0.59 (0.55–0.63) *

0.59 (0.55–0.64) *

0.60 (0.55–0.65) *

0.62 (0.57–0.67) *

0.57 (0.53–0.62) *

0.62 (0.57–0.67) *

   50–59

0.45 (0.41–0.49) *

0.44 (0.41–0.48) *

0.46 (0.42–0.50) *

0.47 (0.43–0.51) *

0.42 (0.39–0.46) *

0.46 (0.42–0.50) *

   60–69

0.41 (0.36–0.47) *

0.40 (0.35–0.45) *

0.42 (0.37–0.48) *

0.43 (0.37–0.49) *

0.36 (0.32–0.41) *

0.40 (0.35–0.46) *

Marital status

      

   Others

0.78 (0.74–0.83) *

0.80 (0.75–0.85) *

0.79 (0.74–0.84) *

0.82 (0.77–0.87) *

0.81 (0.76–0.86) *

0.81 (0.76–0.87) *

Income

      

   Mid

0.87 (0.82–0.93) *

0.87 (0.82–0.93) *

0.87 (0.82–0.93) *

0.88 (0.82–0.93) *

 

0.87 (0.81–0.93) *

   Low

0.73 (0.69–0.77) *

0.73 (0.68–0.78) *

0.73 (0.69–0.78) *

0.73 (0.68–0.78) *

 

0.73 (0.68–0.78) *

Education

      

   Mid

1.00 (0.94–1.06)

1.01 (0.95–1.08)

0.99 (0.93–1.05)

1.00 (0.93–1.06)

 

1.00 (0.93–1.07)

   Low

0.82 (0.76–0.88) *

0.82 (0.76–0.88) *

0.79 (0.74–0.86) *

0.82 (0.76–0.88) *

 

0.80 (0.74–0.87) *

Employment

      

   Employed

1.00 (0.94–1.07)

1.01 (0.94–1.08)

1.01 (0.94–1.09)

1.03 (0.96–1.11)

1.07 (0.99–1.15)

1.03 (0.95–1.11)

   Unemployed

0.97 (0.90–1.05)

0.98 (0.91–1.06)

0.99 (0.92–1.08)

0.99 (0.92–1.08)

1.00 (0.92–1.09)

1.01 (0.93–1.10)

Horizontal trust

      

   High

 

1.29 (1.19–1.40) *

  

1.28 (1.17–1.39) *

1.27 (1.17–1.38) *

Trust in the healthcare system

      

   Don't really trust

  

1.32 (1.19–1.46) *

 

1.27 (1.13–1.43) *

1.29 (1.14–1.45) *

   Trust to a degree

  

1.85 (1.64–2.08) *

 

1.72 (1.52–1.94) *

1.75 (1.54–1.99) *

   Trust a lot

  

2.55 (2.18–2.97) *

 

2.27 (1.93–2.66) *

2.29 (1.95–2.68) *

Trust in mass media

      

   Don't really trust

   

1.25 (1.15–1.37) *

1.17 (1.07–1.28) *

1.16 (1.05–1.27) *

   Trust to a degree

   

1.55 (1.42–1.69) *

1.34 (1.22–1.47) *

1.35 (1.23–1.49) *

   Trust a lot

   

1.98 (1.73–2.27) *

1.56 (1.35–1.79) *

1.57 (1.36–1.81) *

Random parameters

      

   Between-country variation

0.22 (0.83)

0.22 (0.82)

0.18 (0.64)

0.20 (0.74)

0.17 (0.61)

0.18 (0.63)

  1. Figures in parentheses are the 95% confidence intervals (except for between-country variation, for which each of the numbers corresponds to the standard error and the variance.
  2. * Statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
  3. ** The regression model including country fixed effects showed the similar findings. In addition, the ordered probit model analysis using original dependent variable (self-rated health) produced the similar findings.