Table 2 Selected maternal characteristics and mode of delivery (%)
Vaginal delivery | Caesarean section without indications | Caesarean section with indications | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spontaneous | Operative | Antepartum | Intrapartum | Antepartum | Intrapartum | ||
N = 205,551 | N = 7,296 | N = 1,735 | N = 950 | N = 27,011 | N = 44,022 | N = 286,565 | |
Marital status (single) | 13.5 | 9.3 | 2.7 | 6.0 | 11.8 | 10.7 | 12.7 |
Maternal age | |||||||
≤16 years | 2.5 | 2 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 |
16 to 35 | 87.8 | 85.7 | 89.4 | 85.9 | 80.1 | 86 | 86.8 |
≥35 | 9.7 | 12.3 | 10.6 | 12.3 | 18.5 | 11.6 | 10.9 |
Years of education | |||||||
<7 | 30.9 | 28.4 | 11.4 | 20.5 | 18.4 | 24.7 | 28.6 |
7 to 12 | 57.1 | 54.9 | 59.0 | 56.1 | 59.4 | 57.6 | 57.4 |
>12 | 12 | 16.7 | 29.7 | 23.4 | 22.2 | 17.7 | 14.1 |
Primiparous | 41.2 | 57.3 | 73.3 | 58.8 | 37.6 | 49.7 | 42.8 |
Previous pregnancy | |||||||
Low birth weight | 10.0 | 14.1 | 3.1 | 5.4 | 14.9 | 10.1 | 10.5 |
Fetal or neonatal death | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.1 |
Caesarean delivery in the last pregnancy | 2 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 11.9 | 39.3 | 23.5 | 9 |
Current pregnancy | |||||||
Induced labour | 9.9 | 15.4 | 0.0 | 13.9 | 0.0 | 13.9 | 9.7 |
Prelabour rupture of membranes | 9.4 | 13.2 | 8.4 | 16.0 | 8.7 | 15.3 | 10.3 |
Pregnancy induced hypertension | 2.8 | 5.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 8.5 | 5.5 | 3.8 |
Pre-eclampsia | 1.6 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 8.9 | 4.8 | 2.8 |
Eclampsia | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
Chronic hypertension | 0.6 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.8 |
Vaginal bleeding in second half of pregnancy | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 3.6 | 2 | 1.3 |
Suspected fetal growth impairment | 0.8 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 |
Breech or other non-cephalic presentation | 1 | 25.1 | 0 | 0 | 14.7 | 12.6 | 4.7 |
Referred for complication related to pregnancy | 18.8 | 23.9 | 9.1 | 14.2 | 34 | 28.8 | 21.8 |
HIV | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
Cardiac/Renal diseases | 0.3 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Chronic respiratory conditions | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Diabetes mellitus | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 2.6 | 1 | 0.7 |
Malaria | 3.3 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 2.6 |
Sickle cell anaemia | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Severe anaemia | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Pyelonephritis or urinary infection | 5.9 | 4.4 | 0.6 | 5.4 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 6.5 |
Other medical conditions | 5.3 | 5.3 | 10.2 | 5.7 | 12.6 | 8.2 | 6.5 |