Author, Year, Country | Population, Mean BMI (kg/m2) | Sweetener 1: Type, Quantity | Sweetener 2: Type, Quantity | Medium | Study design, Follow-up, Sample size | Mean age (y), % female | Allocation concealment, Jadad score, Funding |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-caloric vs Saccharide | |||||||
Gonzalez-Ortiz [24] 2009 Mexico | General 23 | Sucralose (Enterex Diabetic®) 45% once | Mixtureb (Glucerna SR®) 50% once | Drink | xRCT 2 1d periods (3d wo) 14 | 22 64 | Unclear 2 - |
Prat-Larquemin [22] 2000 France | General 20 | Aspartame 0.27 g once | Sucrose 90 g once | Cheese | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 24 | 23 0 | Unclear 3 Mixede |
Melchior [23] 1991 France | General 21 | Aspartame 80mg once | Sucrose 50 g once | Drink | xRCT 2 1d periods 10 | 22 70 | Unclear 1 Public |
Non-caloric vs Non-caloric | |||||||
Horwitz [25] 1988 US | 55% General/45% DM2 < 25 | Aspartame 400 mg once | Saccharin 135 mg once | Unsweetened drink | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 22 | 41 77 | Unclear 1 Private |
Sugar Alcohol vs Saccharide | |||||||
Rizkalla [28] 2002 France | 50% General 25 50% DM2 27 | Lycasin 50 g once | Glucose 50 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 12 | 40 0 | Unclear 2 Private |
Nguyen [26] 1993 France | General - | Lycasin 20 g once Sorbitol 20 g once Xylitol 20 g once Maltitol 20 g once | Glucose 20 g once | None | xRCT 5 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 33 50 | Unclear 1 Private |
Wheeler [29] 1990 US | 33% General 24f 33% DM2 32 33% DM1 23 | HSH6075 50 g once HSH5875 50 g once | Glucose 50 g once | None | xRCT 3 1d periods 18 | 47 50 | Unclear 2 Mixed |
Hassinger [27] 1981 Germany | DM1 - | Xylitol 30 g once | Sucrose 30 g once | Meal | xRCT 2 1d periods 14 | 29 - | Unclear 1 Private |
Saccharide vs Saccharide | |||||||
Maki [30] 2009 US | Obese 35 | Trehalose 75 g once | Trehalose/Fructose 75 g once Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 3 1d periods 21 | 50 0 | Unclear 3 Private |
Teff [31] 2009 US | Obese 35 | Fructose 30% | Glucose 30% | Meals & Drinks | xRCT 2 2d periods (1mo wo) 17 | 33 47 | Unclear 1 Public |
Van Can [52] 2009 Netherlands | Overweight 28 | Isomaltulose 75 g once | Sucrose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 31 20 | Unclear 1 Private |
Grysman [58] A 2008 Canada | General 24 | Sucromalt 50 g once | HFCS42 50 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods 10 | 28 30 | Unclear 2 Private |
Grysman [58] B 2008 Canada | General 24 | Sucromalt 80 g once | HFCS42 80 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods 10 | 25 50 | Unclear 2 Private |
Grysman [58] C 2008 Canada | General 24 | Sucromalt 50 g once | HFCS42 50 g once Glucose 50 g once | Meal | xRCT 3 1d periods 20 | 37 60 | Unclear 2 Private |
Munstedt [59] 2008 Germany | General 23 | Glucose/Fructosea 155 g once | Honey 221 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 28 0 | Unclear 2 - |
Stanhope [54] 2008 US | General 25 | HFCS55 25% thrice | Sucrose 25% thrice | 3 Meals | xRCT 2 1d periods (1mo wo) 34 | 35 47 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Bowen [32] 2007 Australia | Overweight/ Obese 33 | Fructose 50 g once | Glucose 50 g once | Drink | xRCT 2 1d periods (7d wo) 28 | 57 0 | Unclear 4 Mixed |
Chong [33] 2007 UK | General 25 | Fructose 0.75 g/kg once | Glucose 0.75 g/kg once | Drink | xRCT 2 1d periods (6wk wo) 14 | 43 43 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Melanson [55] 2007 US | General 22 | HFCS55 30% TID | Sucrose 30% TID | 3 Meals | xRCT 2 2d periods (6wk wo) 30 | 33 100 | Unclear 2 Private |
Visvanathan [34] 2005 Australia | General 26 | Sucrose 50 g once Fructose 50 g once | Glucose 50 g once | None | xRCT 3 1d periods (3d wo) 10 | 72 60 | Unclear 1 Public |
Teff [35] 2004 US | General 23 | Fructose 30% TID | Glucose 30% TID | 3 Meals | xRCT 2 2d periods (1mo wo) 12 | 25 100 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Qin [53] 2003 Japan | General 23 | Maltose 75 g QIDx4h | Sucrose 75 g QIDx4h | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 22 0 | Unclear 1 - |
Vozzo [36] 2002 Australia | 50% IGT/50% DM2 31 | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (5d wo) 20 | 56 40 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Spiller [37] 1998 US | General - | Sucrose 90 g once | Glucose 90 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 29 50 | Unclear 1 Private |
Stewart [38] 1997 Canada | General 20-27 | Fructose 30 g SID | Glucose 33.5 g SID | Meal | xRCT 2 1d periods 13 | 25 0 | Unclear 1 Private |
Blaak [39] 1996 Netherlands | General - | Sucrose 75 g once Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 3 1d periods (1wk wo) 10 | 28 0 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Fukagawa [40] 1995 US | General - | Fructose 75 g onced | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods 16 | 47 38 | Unclear 1 Public |
Schwarz [41] 1992 Switzerland | 43% General 21 57% Overweight 30 | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | Meal | xRCT 2 1d periods (4d wo) 23 | 25 100 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Bukar [42] 1990 US | DM2 - | HFCS 27 g (12.2 g Fructose/14.8 g Glucose) once Sucrose 33.5 g once | Glucose 50 g once | HFCS: Tofu frozen dessert Sucrose: Ice cream Glucose: None | xRCT 3 1d periods (2d wo) 12 | 51 50 | Unclear 1 - |
Georgakopoulos [43] 1990 Greece | General - | Sucrose 20 g once | Glucose 20 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (3d wo) 17 | Range 25-40 29 | Unclear 1 - |
Kawai [56] 1989 Japan | 50% General 20 50% DM2 23 | Isomaltulose 50 g once | Sucrose 50 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (2d wo) 20 | 39 30 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Schwarz [44] 1989 Switzerland | General 21 | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | Drink | xRCT 2 1d periods (4d wo) 20 | 23 50 | Unclear 1 Private |
Simonson [45] 1988 Switzerland | DM2/General/Obesef - | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 37 | 53 51 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Jansen [46] 1987 Netherlands | General - | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (1wk wo) 20 | 52 50 | Unclear 1 Public |
Tappy [47] 1986 Switzerland | General - | Fructose 75 g once | Glucose 75 g once | None | xRCT 2 1d periods (2d wo) 10 | 27c 65c | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Erkelens [57] 1985 Netherlands | 33% Generalf/33% DM2/17% DM1/17% insulin infusion DM1 - | Honey (22% Glucose/26% Fructose) SID | Sucrose 49% SID | White bread & Cheese | xRCT 2 1d periods (2d wo) 24 | 47 46 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Samanta [48] 1985 UK | 46% General/31% DM1/23% DM2 - | Honey 26 g once Sucrose 26 g once | Glucose 26 g once | None | xRCT 3 1d periods 26 | 40 - | Unclear 1 - |
Bantle [49] 1983 US | 31% General/38% DM1/31% DM2 - | Sucrose 42 g once Fructose 42 g once | Glucose 42 g once | Meal | xRCT 3 1d periods 32 | 41 56 | Unclear 2 Mixed |
Crapo [50] 1982 US | 38% General/23% IGTf/38% DM2 - | Sucrose 63 g once Sucrose 52 g once Fructose 63 g once Fructose 52 g once | Glucose 69.9 g once | Sucrose & Fructose 63 g: cake Sucrose & Fructose 52 g: ice cream None | xRCT 5 1d periods (1d wo) 26 | 43 42 | Unclear 1 Mixed |
Mann [51] 1971 South Africa | General - | Sucrose 60 g once | Glucose 60 g once | Meal | xRCT 2 1d periods (2d wo) 19 | Range 20-58 0 | Unclear 1 Public |