| Index group N (%) | Incidence in index group, per 100 py (95% CI) | Incidence in reference group*, per 100 py (95% CI) | HR (95%CI) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 322 (67.2) | 12.8 (10.4, 15.2) | 7.8 (5.1,10.6) | 1.7 (1.1, 2.5) | 0.012 |
Long-term care facility | 107 (22.3) | 23.5 (16.6, 25.6) | 9.1 (7.3, 10.9) | 2.4 (1.7, 3.4) | < 0.001 |
Low income | 238 (49.7) | 11.7 (9.1, 14.4) | 10.5 (7.9, 13.1) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 0.547 |
Primary school only | 296 (61.8) | 12.8 (10.2, 15.3) | 8.9 (6.1, 11.3) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.1) | 0.044 |
Smoking (current) | 70 (14.6) | 12.8 (7.3, 18.3) | 11.0 (9.0, 12.9) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.8) | 0.618 |
Body Mass index ≥27 | 212 (47.2) | 11.1 (8.4, 13.9) | 9.9 (7.5, 12.4) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 0.535 |
Functioning | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Severe cognitive impairment (MMSE < 19) | 90 (19.0) | 27.0 (18.6, 35.3) | 9.0 (7.2, 10.8) | 2.7 (1.9, 3.9) | < 0.001 |
Depressive symptoms (GDS-15 > 4) | 58 (14.8) | 8.8 (4.0, 13.5) | 9.1 (7.2, 10.9) | 1.0 (0.5, 1.7) | 0.897 |
Disability in daily living †| 283 (59.2) | 16.2 (13.0, 19.4) | 6.3 (4.3, 8.3) | 2.4 (1.6, 3.5) | < 0.001 |
Co-morbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Diabetes mellitus | 76 (15.9) | 10.6 (5.8, 15.4) | 10.4 (8.4, 12.3) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) | 0.963 |
Stroke | 60 (12.6) | 20.8 (12.5, 29.1) | 10.2 (8.3, 12.0) | 1.9 (1.2, 3.0) | 0.004 |
Cancer | 97 (20.6) | 10.0 (6.0, 14.0) | 11.3 (9.2, 13.4) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.8) | 0.589 |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (IPSS score ≥8) | 53 (38.1) | 8.4 (3.6, 13.2) | 6.3 (3.0, 9.6) | 1.4 (0.7, 3.1) | 0.376 |
UTI between the ages of 85 and 86 years | 72 (15.0) | 37.7 (26.5, 48.8) | 8.5 (6.8, 10.2 | 4.1 (2.9, 5.9) | < 0.001 |
Unintentional loss of faeces | 65 (13.6) | 32.2 (21.2, 35.6) | 9.1 (7.4, 10.9) | 3.2 (2.2, 4.8) | < 0.001 |
Self-reported urine incontinence | 212 (44.3) | 16.1 (12.5, 19.6) | 7.5 (5.5, 9.5) | 2.0 (1.4, 2.9) | < 0.001 |
Medical diagnosis incontinence | 95 (19.8) | 16.1 (10.5, 21.7) | 10.3 (8.4, 12.3) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.2) | 0.054 |
PRAFAB score ≥11 | 100 (81.3) | 12.3 (8.0, 16.6) | 12.0 (3.1, 21.0) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.3) | 0.987 |
PRAFAB: Pad use | 91 (74.0) | 3.6 (2.5, 5.2) | 3.2 (1.7, 6.0) | 1.2 (0.6, 2.5) | 0.680 |
Creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min | 43 (9.5) | 12.1 (5.0, 19.3) | 10.6 (8.7, 12.5) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) | 0.794 |
CRP > 5 mg/L | 159 (34.0) | 12.9 (9.3, 16.6) | 10.1 (8.0, 12.2) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.8) | 0.222 |