From: Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on colorectal cancer: a large European cohort study
Characteristics | Healthy lifestyle index points | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Participants, number (%) | 2,783 (0.8) | 20,865 (6.0) | 66,110 (19.0) | 113,171 (32.6) | 106,518 (30.7) | 37,790 (10.9) |
Colon cancer, number of cases | 28 | 188 | 526 | 816 | 602 | 209 |
Rectal cancer, number of cases | 12 | 121 | 326 | 459 | 348 | 124 |
Colorectal cancer, number of cases | 40 | 309 | 852 | 1275 | 950 | 333 |
Socio-demographic characteristics: | ||||||
Age, mean, SD | 52.7 | 52.1 | 52.2 | 51.9 | 51.5 | 50.8 |
Men,% | 58.5 | 51.0 | 42.9 | 34.5 | 28.3 | 29.6 |
University degree,% | 21.4 | 22.8 | 22.9 | 23.6 | 24.1 | 25.5 |
Lifestyle factors: | ||||||
BMI, kg/m2median | 28.1 | 27.4 | 26.7 | 25.6 | 24.5 | 23.5 |
Waist circumference, cm, median | ||||||
Men | 101.0 | 100.0 | 98.0 | 95.0 | 90.5 | 87.3 |
Women | 89.0 | 85.0 | 83.0 | 80.0 | 77.0 | 73.6 |
METs recreational and household activity | 44.8 | 54.1 | 66.5 | 81.3 | 98.8 | 122.8 |
Never or former smokers,% | - | 2.0 | 13.4 | 33.1 | 37.0 | 14.3 |
Alcohol consumption, grams/day, median | ||||||
Men | 46.0 | 37.2 | 25.5 | 13.8 | 9.5 | 7.5 |
Women | 24.2 | 18.1 | 11.0 | 4.5 | 2.3 | 1.9 |
Dietary factors, grams/day, median | ||||||
Fibre | 17.1 | 18.3 | 19.6 | 21.4 | 24.0 | 26.3 |
Fruits | 88.4 | 113.2 | 146.6 | 195.1 | 256.6 | 287.1 |
Vegetables | 107.3 | 120.4 | 136.3 | 165.6 | 216.4 | 245.7 |
Yoghurt | 4.1 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 24.5 | 40.1 | 53.6 |
Nuts | 0.66 | 0.69 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 1.60 | 2.33 |
Garlic | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 12.6 | 16.0 |
Red and processed meat | 128.0 | 119.0 | 109.5 | 98.9 | 85.5 | 72.7 |
Fish | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 19.7 | 22.8 | 24.0 |