From: Anaemia and blood transfusion in African children presenting to hospital with severe febrile illness
 |  | Univariable analyses 1 | Multivariable analyses (n = 1,962) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Number in univariate model | HR (95% CI) | P value 2 | HR (95% CI) | P value 2 |
Updated (most recent) haemoglobin (per 1 g/dL increase) |  | – | – | 0.46 (0.41–0.52) | <0.001 |
Haemoglobin at admission (per 1 g/dL increase) |  | – | – | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) | 0.005 |
Severe pallor | 2,076 | 3.21 (2.47–4.19) | <0.001 | 3.18 (2.42–4.19) | <0.001 |
Jaundice (clinical) | 2,079 | 1.57 (1.30–1.89) | <0.001 | 1.27 (0.97–1.68) | 0.08 |
Haemoglobinuria | 2,078 | 1.69 (1.28–2.21) | <0.001 | – | – |
P. falciparum malaria | 2,072 | 1.42 (1.13–1.80) | 0.003 | – | – |
Weak pulse volume | 2,080 | 1.37 (1.10–1.70) | 0.005 | – | – |
Severe tachycardia | 2,079 | 0.88 (0.71–1.10) | 0.26 | 0.80 (0.63–1.00) | 0.054 |
Capillary refill time ≥3 s | 2,079 | 1.58 (1.27–1.97) | <0.001 | 1.59 (1.24–2.03) | 0.001 |
Temperature gradient | 2,080 | 1.30 (1.07–1.58) | 0.007 | – | – |
Respiratory distress | 2,072 | 1.23 (0.96–1.58) | 0.09 | – | – |
Indrawing | 2,080 | 1.24 (1.02–1.51) | 0.04 | 1.30 (1.01–1.69) | 0.04 |
Deep breathing | 2,080 | 1.24 (1.07–1.44) | 0.005 | – | – |
Dehydration | 2,078 | 1.27 (0.93–1.74) | 0.14 | 1.33 (0.95–1.85) | 0.09 |
Lactate at admission (per 1 mmol/L increase) | 1,970 | 1.09 (1.07–1.17) | <0.001 | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) | <0.001 |
Oxygen saturation (per 1% increase) | 2,047 | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.91 | – | – |
Consciousness level | 2,078 |  | 0.22 | – | – |
Alert |  | 1 (ref) |  | – | – |
Prostration |  | 1.26 (0.97–1.65) | 0.09 | – | – |
Coma |  | 1.22 (0.88–1.68) | 0.24 | – | – |
Site | 2,080 | Â | <0.001 | Â | <0.001 |
Mbale, Uganda | Â | 1 (ref) | Â | 1 (ref) | Â |
Kilifi, Kenya |  | 0.44 (0.27–0.71) | 0.001 | 0.38 (0.21–0.68) | 0.001 |
Mulago, Uganda |  | 0.91 (0.71–1.16) | 0.44 | 0.98 (0.70–1.40) | 0.93 |
Soroti, Uganda |  | 1.18 (0.91–1.54) | 0.21 | 1.39 (1.00–1.96) | 0.05 |
Lacor, Uganda |  | 0.63 (0.44–0.88) | 0.008 | 0.71 (0.46–1.11) | 0.13 |
Teule, Tanzania |  | 1.35 (0.90–2.05) | 0.15 | 1.56 (0.96–2.54) | 0.08 |