From: Prostate-specific antigen-based screening: controversy and guidelines
Organization | Year published | Baseline testing (age) | Invitation to screening* (age) | High risk groups** (age) | Screening interval | PSA threshold for biopsy (ng/mL) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American Cancer Society [23] | 2010 | None | Beginning at 50 years while life expectancy ≥ 10 years | Beginning at 40 years while life expectancy ≥ 10 years | - Annually if PSA ≥ 2.5 ng/mL | - 2.5 ng/mL in select patients |
- Every 2 years if PSA < 2.5 ng/mL | - 4.0 ng/mL in most patients | |||||
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [24] | 2012 | None | None | None | None | None |
American Urological Association [25] | 2013 | None | 55 - 69Â years | 40 - 69Â years | Every 2Â years | None specified |
European Association of Urology [26] | 2013 | 40 - 45 years | Any age while life expectancy ≥ 10 years | Any age while life expectancy ≥ 10 years | - Every 2 to 4 years if baseline PSA > 1 ng/mL | None specified |
- Every 8 years if baseline PSA ≤ 1 ng/mL | ||||||
American College of Physicians [27] | 2013 | None | 50 - 69 years | 40 - 69 years | Annually if PSA ≥ 2.5 ng/mL | None specified |
National Comprehensive Cancer Network [28] | 2014 | 45 - 49Â years | 50 - 70 | Consider change in biopsy threshold | For 40 - 49Â years: | - 3.0Â ng/mL |
years | - Every 1 - 2 years if PSA > 1 ng/mL | - <3.0 ng/mL with excess risk based on multiple factors (family history, race, PSA kinetics) | ||||
70 - 75 years if life expectancy ≥ 10 years | - Repeat at age 50 if PSA ≤ 1 ng/mL | |||||
For 50 - 70Â years: | ||||||
- Every 1 - 2Â years | ||||||
Melbourne Consensus Statement [29] | 2014 | 40 - 49Â years | 50 - 69Â years | Use to better risk stratify men | None specified | None specified |
70+ years while life expectancy ≥ 10 years |