Skip to main content

Table 2 Multivariate relative risks of hypertension according to birth weight

From: Joint association between birth weight at term and later life adherence to a healthy lifestyle with risk of hypertension: a prospective cohort study

 

Term birth weight categories (kg)

P trend

<2.5

2.5–3.15

3.16–3.82

3.83–4.49

≥4.5

Cases/Person-years (PY)

510/27,436

4,077/248,172

6,330/450,509

1,541/116,911

130/11,597

 

Incidence rate (per 105 PY)

1,859

1,643

1,405

1,318

1,121

 

Age adjusted RR (95 % CI)

1.28 (1.17–1.40)

1.17 (1.13–1.22)

1.0 (ref.)

0.96 (0.91–1.02)

0.78 (0.66–0.93)

<0.0001

Multivariable adjusted *

1.25 (1.14–1.37)

1.17 (1.12–1.21)

1.0 (ref.)

0.95 (0.90–1.01)

0.74 (0.62–0.88)

<0.0001

Further adjusted BMI **

1.29 (1.18–1.41)

1.20 (1.15–1.25)

1.0 (ref.)

0.90 (0.86–0.96)

0.67 (0.56–0.79)

<0.0001

  1. Multivariable adjusted relative risk estimated from Cox proportional hazards models
  2. * Adjusted for age, ethnicity (Caucasian, yes/no), family history of hypertension (yes/no), use of oral contraceptive pills (never, past or current), smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, current smoker: 1–14, 15–24 or ≥25 cigarettes/d), alcohol drinking (g/d: 0, 0.1–4.9, 5.0–9.9, 10.0–14.9, 15.0–29.9, and ≥30), exercise (hours/week: 0, 0.01–1.0, 1.0–3.5, 3.5–6.0, ≥6), the DASH score (quintile), supplemental folic acid intake (no, <400, 400–800 or >800 μg/d), use of aspirin or aspirin-containing products, ibuprofen and acetaminophen (each: <1, 1, 2–3, ≥4 days/week)
  3. ** Further adjusted for body mass index (kg/m2: <21, 21–24.9, 25–29.9, 30–31.9, ≥32)