The variable phenotype and low-risk nature of RAS-positive thyroid nodules

Table 2 Characteristics of RAS-positive thyroid malignancies

Subject number	Sex	Age (years)	RAS mutation	Nodule size (mm) and parenchyma	FNA result	Histopathology	Encapsulated	Extrathyroidal extension	Lymph node metastases	Distant metastases
1	Female	27	HRAS G12V	10 × 7 × 4 Solid No calcifications	Follicular neoplasm	PTC multifocal, 1.2 cm	Partially-encapsulated/well-circumscribed	No	No	No
2	Female	46	HRAS Q61R	14 × 9 × 9 Solid No calcifications	Suspicious for papillary carcinoma	PTC follicular variant, 1.1 cm	Partially-encapsulated/well-circumscribed	No	No	No
3	Male	61	HRAS Q61R	36 × 23 × 21 25–50 % Cystic No calcifications	Suspicious for papillary carcinoma	PTC follicular variant, 2.6 cm	Partially-encapsulated/well-circumscribed	No	No	No
4	Female	33	HRAS G13R	20 × 18 × 16 Solid No calcifications	Suspicious for papillary carcinoma	PTC follicular variant, 1.8 cm	Encapsulated	No	No	No
5	Female	44	NRAS Q61R	22 × 11 × 10 Solid No calcifications	Malignant – papillary carcinoma	PTC follicular variant, 1.1 cm	Partially-encapsulated/well-circumscribed	No	No	No
6	Female	45	NRAS Q61R	18 × 14 × 7 Solid No calcifications	Malignant – papillary carcinoma	PTC follicular variant, 1.0 cm	Encapsulated	No	No	No
7	Female	44	NRAS Q61R	18 × 14 × 12 Solid No calcifications	Follicular neoplasm	PTC follicular variant, 1.6 cm	Encapsulated	No	No	No
8	Female	33	NRAS Q61R	31 × 23 × 18 Solid No calcifications	Atypia of undetermined significance	PTC follicular variant, 3.1 cm	Encapsulated^a	No	No	No

^aOne focus of potential capsular penetration. FNA, fine needle aspiration; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma