Fig. 1

Timeline of data collection. Q1 questionnaire 1, Q2 questionnaire 2, Q3 questionnaire 3, X day of death. Observers were scheduled to assess outcomes on day 0 and day 1 (2 times a day), daily for days 2–10 and once on day 13, 14, or 15. Attending physicians included residents at the time of diagnosis of pneumonia, completed Q1 within 2 days from diagnosis, Q2 between 7 days and 21 days from diagnosis, and Q3 when a resident died during the data collection within 14 days from (registration of) death. Data analyzed for the purpose of this article only consider observational data, inclusion of Q1 and Q2, and survival