Table 2 Risk factors for PSD [30, 31]

Demographic factors

Age (over 65 years)

Lower educational level

Female sex

Non-Caucasian origin

Pre-stroke factors

Physical impairment

Cognitive decline

Index stroke factors

Hemorrhagic stroke

Supratentorial stroke location

Dominant hemisphere stroke

Recurrent strokes

Post-stroke factors

Infection

Delirium

Early seizures

Neuroimaging factors

Cerebral small-vessel disease

Cortical atrophy

Medial temporal lobe atrophy