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Table 1 Associations of S100β expression in ER-positive endocrine-treated breast cancer tissue (n = 536) and serum (n = 187) with clinicopathologic variables and disease recurrence using Fisher’s exact test. Associations between disease-free survival times and individual variables using Wilcoxon. Median age for patient TMA and serum samples was 56.12 and 51.15 years respectively, and median follow-up time was 76.84 and 66.1 months respectively

From: S100β as a serum marker in endocrine resistant breast cancer

Patient TMA

Patient serum samples

Variable

Total n

S100β + ve

S100β –ve

p Fisher

p Wilcoxon

 

Total n

S100β ≥0.13 μg/L

S100β <0.13 μg/L

p Fisher

p Wilcoxon

S100β

536

34.7%

65.30%

 

<0.0001

 

187

10.16%

89.84%

 

0.0011

Age

 ≥55

303

56.45%

56.57%

1.0

0.4

 

75

47.37%

39.29%

0.622

0.4

 <55

233

43.55%

43.43%

112

52.63%

60.71%

PR

  + ve

321

65.50%

66.56%

0.841

0.4

 

159

57.89%

88.62%

0.002

0.8

  − ve

164

34.50%

33.44%

27

42.11%

11.38%

HER2

  + ve

85

18.93%

17.10%

0.619

0.2

 

26

15.79%

13.69%

0.732

0.7

  − ve

394

81.07%

82.90%

161

84.21%

86.31%

Nodal status

  + ve

273

49.46%

52.62%

0.524

<0.0001

 

99

53.33%

58.71%

0.786

0.05

  − ve

257

50.54%

47.38%

71

46.67%

41.29%

Grade

  ≥ Grade 3

147

34.88%

27.10%

0.079

0.03

 

52

31.58%

27.38%

0.788

0.2

  < Grade 3

346

65.12%

72.90%

135

68.42%

72.62%

Tumor size

 ≥20 mm

369

70.97%

67.71%

0.493

0.004

 

137

94.44%

86.33%

0.473

0.5

 <20 mm

167

29.03%

32.29%

20

5.56%

13.67%

Hormonal therapy

 Tamoxifen

459

83.87%

86.57%

0.438

0.4

 

110

42.11%

60.71%

0.143

0.7

 AI

126

25.81%

22.29%

0.392

0.5

108

73.68%

55.95%

0.152

0.2

Other therapy

 Chemotherapy

166

34.64%

31.23%

0.431

0.1

 

119

61.11%

66.26%

0.794

0.2

 Radiation

296

62.16%

52.01%

0.028

0.5

121

70.59%

74.66%

0.771

0.01

 Herceptin

23

6.49%

3.14%

0.077

0.06

 

10

5.26%

5.36%

1.00

0.87

Recurrence

  + ve

156

40.32%

23.14%

<0.0001

  

33

47.37%

14.29%

0.002

 

  − ve

380

59.68%

76.86%

154

52.63%

85.71%

HOXC11

  + ve

74

83.93%

18.49%

<0.0001

<0.0001

  

  − ve

128

16.07%

81.51%