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Table 2 Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) for associations of fracture with exposure to polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA)

From: Risk of fracture among patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: a population-based study

Variables

Present

Non-present

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

Adjusted HR (95% CI)a

 

Number with fracture

Rate per 10,000 person-years (95% CI)

Number with fracture

Rate per 10,000 person-years

  

PMR

 Overall

1689

148.05 (141.16–155.28)

5173

115.67 (112.56–118.87)

1.29 (1.22–1.36)

1.63 (1.54–1.73)

Sex

 Male

244

68.79 (60.68–77.99)

707

52.07 (48.37–56.06)

1.32 (1.15–1.53)

1.54 (1.33–1.81)

 Female

1445

183.81 (174.57–193.54)

4466

143.4 (139.25–147.67)

1.29 (1.22–1.37)

1.61 (1.52–1.72)

Age in years

 40–50

16

45.58 (27.93–74.41)

48

32.55 (24.53–43.2)

1.40 (0.81–2.41)

1.92 (1.01–3.69)

 50–60

116

81.29 (67.77–97.52)

264

46.04 (40.81–51.94)

1.78 (1.43–2.2)

2.23 (1.79–2.79)

 60–70

357

112.33 (101.26–124.61)

1018

78.56 (73.88–83.53)

1.44 (1.28–1.62)

1.85 (1.56–2.10)

 70–80

753

161.12 (150.01–173.04)

2555

138.51 (133.25–143.99)

1.17 (1.08–1.26)

1.51 (1.38–1.64)

  ≥ 80

447

251.34 (229.08–275.75)

1288

210.89 (199.68–222.72)

1.21 (1.08–1.34)

1.61 (1.43–1.81)

GCA

 Overall

371

147.15 (132.91–162.91)

1142

109.52 (103.35–116.06)

1.36 (1.22–1.53)

1.67 (1.49–1.88)

Sex

 Male

49

66.62 (50.35–88.15)

127

42.37 (35.61–50.42)

1.59 (1.15–2.2)

1.62 (1.17–2.24)

 Female

322

180.31 (161.66–201.12)

1015

136.6 (128.45–145.27)

1.34 (1.19–1.51)

1.67 (1.47–1.90)

Age in years

 40–50

4

35.23 (13.22–93.86)

9

18.87 (9.82–36.26)

1.87 (0.63–5.58)

1.98 (0.66–5.94)

 50–60

18

55.2 (34.78–87.61)

46

34.94 (26.17–46.65)

1.56 (0.9–2.71)

2.27 (1.25–4.15)

 60–70

85

112.74 (91.15–139.45)

257

78.19 (69.19–88.36)

1.49 (1.17–1.89)

1.79 (1.40–2.30)

 70–80

181

185.8 (160.61–214.94)

579

141.96 (130.85–154)

1.34 (1.13–1.57)

1.65 (1.39–1.95)

  ≥ 80

83

234.75 (189.31–291.1)

251

197.88 (174.85–223.94)

1.20 (0.93–1.54)

1.48 (1.13–1.94)

  1. aAdjusted for confounding factors which affected the HR > 10%, from age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, Charlson comorbidity index and PPI use when not stratified by those