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Fig. 4 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Metabolic characterization of menopause: cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence

Fig. 4

Cross-sectional (blue) and longitudinal (red) associations of natural menopause with 74 metabolic measures. The cross-sectional associations are differences in mean metabolites comparing post-menopausal to pre-menopausal women. The longitudinal associations are the differences in mean differences over time comparing four groups meta-analyzed together (pre-menopause to menopause transition, menopause transition at both times, menopause transition to post-menopause, and pre-menopause to post-menopause) to pre-menopause at both times (the reference group). The meta-analysis of the four groups, each of which at least partly represent the transition process from pre-menopausal to post-menopausal, was used to increase statistical power. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations were adjusted for baseline age. C cholesterol, CI confidence interval, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, FA fatty acids, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, PL phospholipids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, SD standard deviation, TG triglycerides, VLDL very low-density lipoprotein

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