| PECARN | CATCH | CHALICE | SNC | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | < 2 years | 2 years | |||||||||||||
n = 5046 | n = 13,867 | ||||||||||||||
Primary outcome | |||||||||||||||
 |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |
Clinically important traumatic brain injury * | Yes | 42 | 0 | Yes | 117 | 1 | Yes | 147 | 13 | Yes | 148 | 12 | Yes | 156 | 4 |
No | 2047 | 2957 | No | 6606 | 7143 | No | 5560 | 13,193 | No | 4018 | 14,735 | No | 7704 | 11,049 | |
Sens (95% CI) | 42/42 | 117/118 | 147/160 | 148/160 | 156/160 | ||||||||||
100∙0% (91∙6–100∙0) | 99∙2% (95∙4–100∙0) | 91∙9% (86∙5–95∙6) | 92∙5% (87∙3–96∙1) | 97.5% (93.7–99.3) | |||||||||||
Spec (95% CI) | 2957/5004 | 7143/13749 | 13,193/18753 | 14,735/18753 | 11,049/18753 | ||||||||||
59∙1% (57∙7–60∙5) | 52∙0% (51∙1–52∙8) | 70∙4% (69∙7–71∙0) | 78∙6% (78∙0–79∙2) | 58.9% (58.2–59.6) | |||||||||||
PPV (95% CI) | 42/2089 | 117/6723 | 147/5707 | 148/4166 | 156/7860 | ||||||||||
2∙0% (1∙5–2∙7) | 1∙7% (1∙4–2∙1) | 2∙6% (2∙2–3∙0) | 3∙6% (3∙0–4∙2) | 2.0% (1.7–2.3) | |||||||||||
NPV (95% CI) | 2957/2957 | 7143/7144 | 13,193/13206 | 14,735/14747 | 11,049/11053 | ||||||||||
100∙0% (99∙9–100∙0) | 100∙0% (99∙9–100∙0) | 99∙9% (99∙8–99∙9) | 99∙9% (99∙9–100∙0) | 100% (99∙9–100∙0) | |||||||||||
Secondary outcomes | |||||||||||||||
 |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |
Traumatic brain injury on CT* | Yes | 70 | 0 | Yes | 180 | 1 | Yes | 220 | 31 | Yes | 227 | 24 | Yes | 237 | 14 |
No | 2019 | 2957 | No | 6543 | 7143 | No | 5487 | 13,175 | No | 3939 | 14,723 | No | 7623 | 11,039 | |
Sens (95% CI) | 70/70 | 180/181 | 220/251 | 227/251 | 237/251 | ||||||||||
100∙0% (94∙9–100∙0) | 99∙4% (97∙0–100∙0) | 87∙6% (82∙9–91∙5) | 90∙4% (86∙1–93∙8) | 94.4% (90.8–96.9) | |||||||||||
Spec (95% CI) | 2957/4976 | 7143/13686 | 13,175/18662 | 14,723/18662 | 11,039/18662 | ||||||||||
59∙4% (58∙0–60∙8) | 52∙2% (51∙4–53∙0) | 70∙6% (69∙9–71∙3) | 78∙9% (78∙3–79∙5) | 59.2% (58.4–59.9) | |||||||||||
PPV (95% CI) | 70/2089 | 180/6723 | 220/5707 | 227/4166 | 237/7860 | ||||||||||
3∙4% (2∙6–4∙2) | 2∙7% (2∙3–3∙1) | 3∙9% (3∙4–4∙4) | 5∙4% (4∙8–6∙2) | 3.0% (2.6–3.4) | |||||||||||
NPV (95% CI) | 2957/2957 | 7143/7144 | 13,175/13206 | 14,723/14747 | 11,039/11053 | ||||||||||
100∙0% (99∙9–100∙0) | 100∙0% (99∙9–100∙0) | 99∙8% (99∙7–99∙8) | 99∙8% (99∙8–99∙9) | 99.9% (99.8–99.9) | |||||||||||
 |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |  | Positive | Negative |
Neurosurgery* | Yes | 6 | 0 | Yes | 18 0 | Â | Yes | 23 | 1 | Yes | 22 | 2 | Yes | 24 | 0 |
No | 2083 | 2957 | No | 6705 | 7144 | No | 5684 | 13, 205 | No | 4144 | 14,745 | No | 7835 | 11,052 | |
Sens (95% CI) | 6/6 | 18/18 | 23/24 | 22/24 | 24/24 | ||||||||||
100∙0% (54∙1–100∙0) | 100∙0% (81∙5–100∙0) | 95∙8% (78∙9–99∙9) | 91∙7% (73∙0–99∙0) | 100.0% (85.8–100.0) | |||||||||||
Spec (95% CI) | 2957/5040 | 7144/13849 | 13,205/18889 | 14,745/18889 | 11,052/18889 | ||||||||||
58∙7% (57∙3–60∙0) | 51∙6% (50∙7–52∙4) | 69∙9% (69∙2–70∙6) | 78∙1% (77∙5–78∙6) | 58.5% (57.8–59.2) | |||||||||||
PPV (95% CI) | 6/2089 | 18/6723 | 23/5707 | 22/4166 | 24/7859 | ||||||||||
0∙3% (0∙1–0∙6) | 0∙3% (0∙2–0∙4) | 0∙4% (0∙3–0∙6) | 0∙5% (0∙3–0∙8) | 0.3% (0.2–0.5) | |||||||||||
NPV (95% CI) | 2957/2957 | 7144/7144 | 13,205/13206 | 14,745/14747 | 11,052/11052 | ||||||||||
100∙0 (99∙9–100∙0) | 100∙0% (99∙9–100∙0) | 100∙0% (100∙0–100∙0) | 100∙0% (100∙0–100∙0) | 100∙0% (100∙0–100∙0) |