Table 4 Number of participants with abnormal range of blood levels by frailty level
From: Frailty, nutrition-related parameters, and mortality across the adult age spectrum
Blood tests, N (%)* | Frailty index score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 0.1 N = 5119 | > 0.1 to 0.2 N = 2009 | > 0.2 to 0.3 N = 1014 | > 0.3 N = 888 | ||
Total lymphocyte count (N = 8965) | Low | 862 (17.8) | 451 (20.9) | 272 (24.2) | 304 (34.6) |
Haemoglobin (N = 9017) | Low | 304 (3.4) | 224 (7.4) | 175 (12.6) | 216 (20.9) |
High | 40 (1.0) | 25 (1.4) | 13 (2.1) | 9 (0.8) | |
Mean corpuscular volume (N = 9017) | Low | 170 (2.4) | 130 (5.3) | 30 (2.3) | 43 (4.2) |
High | 43 (0.9) | 74 (3.7) | 56 (5.8) | 56 (6.6) | |
Albumin (N = 8916) | Low | 308 (1.8) | 84 (1.8) | 28 (2.2) | 68 (7.2) |
Vitamin A (N = 8889) | Low | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 5 (0.6) |
High | 168 (4.4) | 148 (8.9) | 128 (13.7) | 159 (19.0) | |
Vitamin C (N = 8886) | Low | 264 (6.6) | 147 (7.4) | 78 (8.3) | 82 (8.0) |
High | 77 (1.8) | 66 (3.4) | 44 (4.6) | 36 (4.4) | |
Vitamin D (N = 8976) | Low | 1906 (29.4) | 740 (30.5) | 422 (35.6) | 438 (44.6) |
High | 59 (1.5) | 9 (0.6) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | |
Pyridoxine (N = 8926) | Low | 869 (15.0) | 380 (16.5) | 206 (19.4) | 231 (25.6) |
Folate, RBC (N = 8959) | Low | 249 (4.1) | 73 (2.7) | 40 (3.1) | 31 (3.5) |
Cobalamin (N = 8865) | Low | 112 (2.0) | 50 (2.4) | 43 (4.4) | 39 (5.3) |
α-carotene (N = 8885) | Low | 1045 (21.4) | 396 (20.4) | 220 (22.5) | 241 (30.3) |
High | 562 (11.4) | 223 (11.1) | 72 (6.1) | 54 (6.6) | |
β-carotene (N = 8501) | Low | 908 (19.5) | 345 (20.0) | 197 (21.9) | 189 (24.7) |
High | 565 (11.9) | 277 (13.4) | 131 (11.8) | 101 (11.0) | |
β-cryptoxanthin (N = 8865) | Low | 619 (15.5) | 368 (21.4) | 247 (28.8) | 257 (35.6) |
High | 876 (12.3) | 294 (12.1) | 122 (8.7) | 76 (7.0) | |
Lutein/Zeaxanthin (N = 8889) | Low | 1131 (26.5) | 531 (32.0) | 307 (34.8) | 346 (46.5) |
High | 229 (3.8) | 109 (4.8) | 46 (4.5) | 34 (3.5) | |
Lycopene (N = 8889) | Low | 584 (10.7) | 401 (16.3) | 317 (29.2) | 369 (40.3) |
High | 666 (14.0) | 163 (10.0) | 55 (6.3) | 34 (5.4) | |
Iron, serum (N = 8910) | Low | 669 (11.6) | 309 (13.8) | 145 (15.3) | 180 (20.8) |
High | 84 (1.8) | 22 (1.1) | 10 (1.0) | 7 (1.0) | |
Creatinine (N = 8916) | Low | 337 (3.4) | 103 (3.7) | 40 (3.3) | 30 (4.1) |
High | 68 (1.2) | 145 (6.0) | 166 (13.9) | 232 (24.7) | |
Total cholesterol (N = 8950) | High | 2380 (46.1) | 1053 (52.6) | 445 (44.2) | 367 (43.7) |
Triglyceride (N = 8911) | High | 1574 (29.1) | 734 (39.2) | 402 (42.2) | 370 (44.1) |
HDL-c (N = 8949) | Low | 1453 (30.1) | 576 (30.9) | 290 (29.8) | 312 (37.9) |
LDL-c (N = 4161) | High | 789 (32.7) | 318 (32.5) | 119 (24.0) | 115 (29.0) |
Glucose (N = 8916) | Low | 141 (2.0) | 25 (1.0) | 16 (1.4) | 20 (2.6) |
High | 814 (15.3) | 666 (31.5) | 439 (39.7) | 423 (46.5) | |
Homocysteine (N = 8979) | High | 21 (0.5) | 25 (1.1) | 26 (2.1) | 46 (5.0) |