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Table 3 Cox proportional hazard model of the association between total sugar consumption and all-cause mortality

From: The associations of sugar-sweetened, artificially sweetened and naturally sweet juices with all-cause mortality in 198,285 UK Biobank participants: a prospective cohort study

 

Number

Deaths, no.

First quintile, 0.4–81.9 g, n = 39,660, HR (95% CI)

Second quintile, 82–105 g, n = 39,655, HR (95% CI)

Third quintile, 106–126 g, n = 39,663, HR (95% CI)

Fourth quintile, 127–154 g, n = 39,650, HR (95% CI)

Highest quintile, 155–1051 g, n = 39,657, HR (95% CI)

p value for trend

Deaths, no.

  

632

615

599

599

723

 

Model

        

 0

198,283

3166

1 (Ref)

0.96 (0.86–1.08)

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

1.15 (1.03–1.27)

0.034

 1

197,590

3150

1 (Ref)

0.90 (0.81–1.01)

0.84 (0.75–0.94)

0.81 (0.73–0.91)

0.95 (0.86–1.06)

0.156

 2

161,415

2311

1 (Ref)

1.02 (0.97–1.27)

0.98 (0.87–1.15)

1.00 (0.94–1.25)

1.19 (0.95–1.30)

0.108

 3

161,415

2311

1 (Ref)

1.04 (0.91–1.19)

0.99 (0.87–1.15)

1.03 (0.88–1.20)

1.25 (1.04–1.50)

0.076

 4

161,415

2311

1 (Ref)

1.05 (0.92–1.20)

1.02 (0.88–1.18)

1.05 (0.90–1.23)

1.28 (1.06–1.55)

0.057

  1. Model 0: unadjusted
  2. Model 1: adjusted for sex, age and ethnicity
  3. Model 2: model 1 also adjusted for income, highest qualification, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, total energy intake, body mass index, smoking status and alcohol intake
  4. Model 3: model 2 also adjusted for total fat intake
  5. Model 4: model 3 also adjusted for fresh fruit intake, vegetable intake, total fibre intake, red meat intake and processed meat intake
  6. Median total sugar intake: 1st quintile, 68 g; 2nd quintile, 94 g; 3rd quintile, 115 g; 4th quintile, 139 g; 5th quintile, 179 g
  7. N number, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval