Objective (outcome in bold). Objectives relate to the effect of treatment if introduced into a healthcare system | Treatment effect | Truncation by death | Treatment discontinuation |
---|---|---|---|
Evaluate the effect of treatment on mortality†| Difference in proportion dying by a specific time point (or risk ratio or odds ratio) | NA | Treatment policy strategyb |
Evaluate the effect of treatment on the requirement for ventilation/oxygen/ICU as a measure of patient benefit | Difference in proportion affected by a specific time point (or risk ratio or odds ratio) | Composite strategy: death is set as failure | Treatment policy strategyb |
Evaluate the effect of treatment on the requirement for ventilation/oxygen/ICU from a healthcare systems perspective | Difference in proportion affected by a specific time point (or risk ratio or odds ratio) | While-alive strategy: data from when the patient is alive is used (e.g. did they require ventilation prior to death?) | Treatment policy strategyb |
Evaluate the effect of treatment on the number of days in hospital/on a ventilator/on oxygen/in ICU as a measure of patient benefit | Difference in means or restricted mean time | Composite strategy: outcome is defined as the number of days alive and out of hospital/off a ventilator/off oxygen/out of ICU within a given time period | Treatment policy strategyb |
Evaluate the effect of treatment on the number of days in hospital/on a ventilator/on oxygen/in ICU from a healthcare systems perspective | Difference in means or restricted mean time | While-alive strategy: data from when the patient is alive is used (e.g. patients are counted as not on a ventilator from point of death) | Treatment policy strategyb |