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Fig. 1 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 1

From: The risk of morbidity and mortality following recurrent malaria in Papua, Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study

Fig. 1

Schematic of the multi-state model. A total of 68,361 patients infected with malaria enter the study at state (1). Two separate models with different terminal states are analysed. In Model (1), the terminal state is first (hospital inpatient) admission and in Model (2) the terminal state is death. The patients start at their first malaria presentation (recorded between 2004 and 2013), and then either re-present with a malaria episode, are admitted to hospital due to any cause, die or are censored 12 months following their previous episode. Thus, at each malaria episode, a patient is at risk of re-presentation to hospital with a malaria infection or admission/death. Note, the re-presentations in Model (1) are those with only outpatient treatment as the terminal state is all-cause (hospital inpatient) admission, whilst in Model (2) each re-presentation can be accompanied with either outpatient or inpatient treatment for malaria; for more information about the multi-state model, see Section A of the Additional file 1. Frequency of re-presentations, admissions and deaths following each episode are shown; the number inside the brackets for an episode is the percentage of patients in the preceding episode who transitioned to the current episode

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