Characteristics | Quintiles of cumulative average protein intake, % of energy | P value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (<10.6) | Q2 (10.6 ≤ 11.6) | Q3 (11.6 ≤ 12.6) | Q4 (12.6 ≤ 14.0) | Q5 (≥14.0) | ||
N | 3252 | 3252 | 3252 | 3252 | 3252 | Â |
Male, No. (%) | 1428 (43.9) | 1549 (47.6) | 1613 (49.6) | 1691 (52.0) | 1660 (51.0) | < 0.001 |
Age, years | 44.0±16.0 | 42.3±14.8 | 42.3±14.7 | 42.5±15.5 | 44.6±15.4 | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 119.5±19.1 | 118.6±16.6 | 119.0±17.1 | 119.9±17.2 | 121.6 ±16.2 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77.0±11.4 | 77.0±10.7 | 77.3±10.6 | 77.6±10.7 | 78.6±10.1 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.2±3.3 | 22.5±3.3) | 22.7±3.2 | 23.1±3.3 | 23.6±3.4 | < 0.001 |
Smoking, No. (%) | 965 (29.8) | 1027 (31.7) | 1031 (31.8) | 1019 (31.5) | 1049 (32.3) | 0.232 |
Alcohol drinking, No. (%) | 1000 (31.2) | 1078 (33.6) | 1131 (35.1) | 1224 (38.1) | 1306 (40.4) | < 0.001 |
Urban residents, No. (%) | 719 (22.1) | 894 (27.5) | 1069 (32.9) | 1455 (44.7) | 2004 (61.6) | < 0.001 |
Regions, No. (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Central | 1306 (40.2) | 1357 (41.7) | 1604 (49.3) | 1682 (51.7) | 1870 (57.5) | Â |
North | 688 (21.2) | 735 (22.6) | 620 (19.1) | 621 (19.1) | 820 (25.2) | Â |
South | 1258 (38.7) | 1160 (35.7) | 1028 (31.6) | 949 (29.2) | 562 (17.3) | Â |
Physical activity, No. (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Low | 962 (29.8) | 982 (30.6) | 1077 (33.6) | 1150 (35.7) | 1195 (37.1) | Â |
Moderate | 871 (27.0) | 959 (29.9) | 1017 (31.8) | 1183 (36.8) | 1326 (41.1) | Â |
High | 1391 (43.1) | 1269 (39.5) | 1109 (34.6) | 885 (27.5) | 704 (21.8) | Â |
Occupation, No. (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Farmer | 1625 (50.6) | 1488 (46.3) | 1252 (38.9) | 738 (22.9) | 225 (7.0) | Â |
Worker | 250 (7.8) | 311 (9.7) | 411 (12.8) | 481 (14.9) | 442 (13.7) | Â |
Unemployed | 786 (24.5) | 782 (24.3) | 828 (25.7) | 974 (30.2) | 1218 (37.6) | Â |
Other | 549 (17.1) | 631 (19.6) | 731 (22.7) | 1035 (32.1) | 1351 (41.7) | Â |
Education, No. (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Illiteracy | 993 (31.3) | 725 (22.9) | 685 (21.5) | 510 (16.1) | 324 (10.1) | Â |
Primary school | 770 (24.3) | 790 (24.9) | 679 (21.3) | 490 (15.4) | 369 (11.5) | Â |
Middle school | 929 (29.3) | 1017 (32.1) | 1092 (34.3) | 1093 (34.4) | 962 (29.9) | Â |
High school or above | 478 (15.1) | 638 (20.1) | 728 (22.9) | 1084 (34.1) | 1560 (48.5) | Â |
Cumulative average dietary intake | ||||||
Variety of protein | 3.0±1.5 | 3.4±1.5 | 3.6±1.5 | 3.8±1.4 | 3.6±1.4 | < 0.001 |
Energy, Kcal/day | 2200.9±539.6 | 2201.4±479.7 | 2181.8±470.9 | 2138.5±498.6 | 1964.3±520.0 | < 0.001 |
Fat, % of energy | 31.8±11.6 | 29.8±9.1 | 29.9±9.3 | 32.1±9.0 | 34.5±8.8 | < 0.001 |
Carbohydrate, % of energy | 58.5±11.4 | 59.1±9.2 | 58.0±9.3 | 54.7±9.1 | 49.5±9.2 | < 0.001 |
Protein, g/day | 53.5±14.2 | 61.3±13.4 | 65.9±14.3 | 70.6±16.6 | 78.4±22.3 | < 0.001 |
Fiber, g/d | 9.8±5.1 | 10.8±5.0 | 11.2±5.3 | 10.8±5.7 | 10.2±6.5 | < 0.001 |
Sodium to potassium ratio | 3.9±2.6 | 3.3±1.8 | 3.2±1.8 | 3.1±1.7 | 2.9±2.1 | < 0.001 |