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Table 2 Difference in standardized mean examination scores according to gestational weeks from the Danish cohort study

From: Lower gestational age is associated with lower cortical volume and cognitive and educational performance in adolescence

 

Standardized mean grade difference (regression coefficient (95% CI)) a

 

Mathematics 1

Mathematics 2

Danish 1

Danish 2

Danish 3

 

Solving abilities

Mathematical skills

Oral

Reading comprehension

Spelling

Preterm birth

 ≥ 37

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

 < 37

 − 0.054 (− 0.066 to − 0.042)

 − 0.077 (− 0.089 to − 0.065)

 − 0.020 (− 0.032 to − 0.008)

 − 0.066 (− 0.078 to − 0.054)

 − 0.036 (− 0.048 to − 0.024)

Gestational weeks

Difference b

0.009 (0.007 to 0.011)

0.013 (0.011 to 0.014)

0.004 (0.002 to 0.005)

0.010 (0.008 to 0.011)

0.006 (0.004 to 0.007)

 ≥ 40 weeks

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

 ≤ 33

 − 0.141 (− 0.166 to − 0.117)

 − 0.179 (− 0.203 to − 0.155)

 − 0.037 (− 0.061 to − 0.012)

 − 0.118 (− 0.142 to − 0.094)

 − 0.051 (− 0.074 to − 0.027)

 34 ~ 35

 − 0.039 (− 0.060 to − 0.019)

 − 0.067 (− 0.088 to − 0.047)

 − 0.019 (− 0.040 to 0.001)

 − 0.070 (− 0.090 to − 0.050)

 − 0.037 (− 0.058 to − 0.017)

 36

 − 0.025 (− 0.044 to − 0.007)

 − 0.040 (− 0.059 to − 0.021)

 − 0.015 (− 0.034 to 0.003)

 − 0.043 (− 0.062 to − 0.025)

 − 0.033 (− 0.052 to − 0.015)

 37 ~ 39

 − 0.012 (− 0.017 to − 0.006)

 − 0.017 (− 0.022 to − 0.012)

 − 0.005 (− 0.011 to − 0.000)

 − 0.011 (− 0.016 to − 0.006)

 − 0.008 (− 0.013 to − 0.003)

p for trend

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.003

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

  1. aAdjusted for sex, calendar year, parity, maternal age, paternal age, maternal education, maternal origin, maternal cohabitation at birth, maternal history of psychiatric disorders before the childbirth, and paternal history of mental disorders before the childbirth; CI, confidence interval; REF, referenced gestational week
  2. bIn the results of this regression model, the effect estimates represent the difference in standard deviation per 1-week longer gestational duration
  3. cThe effect estimates represent their differences when compared to ≥ 40-week gestation