Table 3 Effect of exercise on quality of life, anxiety, and depression based on an intention-to-treat analysis

EORTC questionnaire

 Quality of life

UC

72.5 (19.4)

[−8.8 to −0.3]

Reference

[1.2 to 9.9]

Reference

I

74.8 (20.4)

[−8.4 to −0.4]

[−2.4 to 6.9]

[0.0 to 8.3]

[−4.1 to 5.5]

 Physical functioning

UC

85.0 (14.3)

[−9.1 to −2.5]

Reference

[−2.5 to 4.2]

Reference

I

85.3 (14.2)

[−7.3 to −1.1]

[−2.1 to 6.6]

[−2.8 to 3.6]

[−4.5 to 4.5]

 Role functioning

UC

69.1 (23.6)

[−12.4 to −1.0]

Reference

[0.3 to 11.9]

Reference

I

69.8 (23.5)

[−6.7 to 4.1]

[−1.1 to 12.9]

[4.8 to 15.9]

[−3.1 to 11.4]

 Emotional functioning

UC

79.2 (17.9)

[−1.0 to 6.0]

Reference

[0.7 to 7.9]

Reference

I

80.9 (18.2)

[−2.3 to 4.2]

[−5.3 to 4.1]

[−3.0 to 3.7]

[−7.8 to 1.9]

 Cognitive functioning

UC

81.7 (23.4)

[−13.1 to −2.5]

Reference

[−12.3 to −1.5]

Reference

I

78.8 (23.6)

[−15.1 to −5.1]

[−11.3 to 2.5]

[−12.1 to −1.8]

[−9.2 to 5.1]

 Social functioning

UC

80.9 (22.2)

[−14.2 to −3.7]

Reference

[−4.1 to 6.7]

Reference

I

80.6 (22.0)

[−12.6 to −2.7]

[−5.3 to 7.3]

[−1.4 to 8.9]

[−5.1 to 7.8]

 Fatigue

UC

33.4 (23.4)

[3.9 to 14.1]

Reference

[−6.7 to 3.7]

Reference

I

32.2 (25.1)

[2.5 to 12.2]

[−9.1 to 3.1]

[−8.8 to 1.1]

[−8.9 to 3.7]

 Pain

UC

22.9 (25.4)

[−5.7 to 4.8]

Reference

[−6.0 to 4.8]

Reference

I

24.0 (23.2)

[−8.1 to 1.8]

[−9.4 to 3.5]

[−5.7 to 4.6]

[−6.7 to 6.6]

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire

 Depression

UC

2.4 (2.7)

[0.4 to 1.5]

Reference

[−0.6 to 0.6]

Reference

I

2.5 (3.1)

[0.3 to 1.3]

[−0.8 to 0.7]

[−0.5 to 0.6]

[−0.6 to 0.9]

 Anxiety

UC

4.2 (3.0)

[−1.1 to 0.1]

Reference

[−0.9 to 0.3]

Reference

I

4.4 (3.4)

[−0.8 to 0.3]

[−0.6 to 1.0]

[−0.4 to 0.8]

[−0.4 to 1.3]