Articles

Association of multimorbidity and changes in health-related quality of life following myocardial infarction: a UK multicentre longitudinal patient-reported outcomes study

Multimorbidity is prevalent for people with myocardial infarction (MI), yet previous studies investigated single-health conditions in isolation. We identified patterns of multimorbidity in MI survivors and the...

Authors: T. Munyombwe, T. B. Dondo, S. Aktaa, C. Wilkinson, M. Hall, B. Hurdus, G. Oliver, R. M. West, A. S. Hall and C. P. Gale

Evolving phenotypes of non-hospitalized patients that indicate long COVID

For some SARS-CoV-2 survivors, recovery from the acute phase of the infection has been grueling with lingering effects. Many of the symptoms characterized as the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) could ha...

Authors: Hossein Estiri, Zachary H. Strasser, Gabriel A. Brat, Yevgeniy R. Semenov, Chirag J. Patel and Shawn N. Murphy

Educational associations with missed GP appointments for patients under 35 years old: administrative data linkage study

There is an evidence gap about whether levels of engagement with public services such as schools and health care affect people across the lifespan. Data on missed patient appointments from a nationally represe...

Authors: Ross McQueenie, David A. Ellis, Michael Fleming, Philip Wilson and Andrea E. Williamson

The risk of COVID-19 in survivors of domestic violence and abuse

A ‘shadow pandemic’ of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) has emerged secondary to strict public health measures containing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Many countries have implemented policies to allow the free m...

Authors: Joht Singh Chandan, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Jaidev Kaur Chandan, Krishna M. Gokhale, Alecs Vitoc, Julie Taylor, Caroline Bradbury-Jones, Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay and Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar

Elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Japanese children with higher genetic susceptibility to ADHD with a birth weight under 2000 g

Both genetic and pre- and perinatal factors, including birth weight, have been implicated in the onset of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits among children. This study aimed to elucidate to...

Authors: Md Shafiur Rahman, Nagahide Takahashi, Toshiki Iwabuchi, Tomoko Nishimura, Taeko Harada, Akemi Okumura, Nori Takei, Yoko Nomura and Kenji J. Tsuchiya

Can we achieve better recruitment by providing better information? Meta-analysis of ‘studies within a trial’ (SWATs) of optimised participant information sheets

The information given to people considering taking part in a trial needs to be easy to understand if those people are to become, and then remain, trial participants. However, there is a tension between providi...

Authors: Vichithranie W. Madurasinghe, Peter Bower, Sandra Eldridge, David Collier, Jonathan Graffy, Shaun Treweek, Peter Knapp, Adwoa Parker, Jo Rick, Chris Salisbury, Mei See Man, David Torgerson, Rebecca Sheridan, Frank Sullivan, Sarah Cockayne and Charlotte Dack

Psychopathological symptom network structure in transgender and gender queer youth reporting parental psychological abuse: a network analysis

This is the first study to investigate the effect of parental psychological abuse on potential psychopathological symptoms in gender minority youth subgroups, including transgender women, transgender men, and ...

Authors: Yuanyuan Wang, Zhihao Ma, Amanda Wilson, Zhishan Hu, Xin Ying, Meng Han, Zaixu Cui and Runsen Chen

Decentralized facility financing versus performance-based payments in primary health care: a large-scale randomized controlled trial in Nigeria

Health system financing presents a challenge in many developing countries. We assessed two reform packages, performance-based financing (PBF) and direct facility financing (DFF), against each other and busines...

Authors: Madhulika Khanna, Benjamin Loevinsohn, Elina Pradhan, Opeyemi Fadeyibi, Kevin McGee, Oluwole Odutolu, Gyorgy Bela Fritsche, Emmanuel Meribole, Christel M. J. Vermeersch and Eeshani Kandpal

Predicting the risk of mortality during hospitalization in sick severely malnourished children using daily evaluation of key clinical warning signs

Despite adherence to WHO guidelines, inpatient mortality among sick children admitted to hospital with complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains unacceptably high. Several studies have examined risk ...

Authors: Bijun Wen, Daniella Brals, Celine Bourdon, Lauren Erdman, Moses Ngari, Emmanuel Chimwezi, Isabel Potani, Johnstone Thitiri, Laura Mwalekwa, James A. Berkley, Robert H. J. Bandsma and Wieger Voskuijl

Exiting the pandemic: Singapore style

Authors: Dale Fisher and Kenneth Mak

Alcohol drinking and risks of liver cancer and non-neoplastic chronic liver diseases in China: a 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million adults

Alcohol consumption is an important risk factor for hepatic neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. Questions remain, however, about the relevance to disease risk of drinking patterns and alcohol tolerability,...

Authors: Pek Kei Im, Iona Y. Millwood, Christiana Kartsonaki, Yu Guo, Yiping Chen, Iain Turnbull, Canqing Yu, Huaidong Du, Pei Pei, Jun Lv, Robin G. Walters, Liming Li, Ling Yang and Zhengming Chen

Allergy-related diseases in childhood and risk for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders at 16 years—a birth cohort study

Studies on allergy-related diseases in relation to abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (AP-FGIDs) in children are few and results are contradictory. We examined the associations betwee...

Authors: Jessica Sjölund, Inger Kull, Anna Bergström, Jacob Järås, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Hans Törnblom, Magnus Simrén and Ola Olén

The value of innovation: association between improvements in survival of advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and targeted and immunotherapy

Significant improvements in mortality among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the USA over the past two decades have been reported based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) ...

Authors: Sreeram Ramagopalan, Thomas P. Leahy, Joshua Ray, Samantha Wilkinson, Cormac Sammon and Vivek Subbiah

In for the long-haul? Seropositivity and sequelae 1 year post COVID-19

Authors: Jeremy Werner Deuel and Patricia Schlagenhauf

Clinical and molecular factors that impact the efficacy of first-line crizotinib in ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer: a large multicenter retrospective study

ROS1-rearranged lung cancers benefit from first-line crizotinib therapy; however, clinical and molecular factors that could affect crizotinib efficacy in ROS1-rearranged lung cancers are not yet well-elucidated. ...

Authors: Yongchang Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Ruiguang Zhang, Qinqin Xu, Haiyan Yang, Analyn Lizaso, Chunwei Xu, Jun Liu, Wenxian Wang, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Jiexia Zhang, Zhengbo Song and Nong Yang

Correction to: Impact of multiple cardiovascular medications on mortality after an incidence of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack

Authors: Tian-Tian Ma, Ian C. K. Wong, Cate Whittlesea, Kenneth K. C. Man, Wallis Lau, Zixuan Wang, Ruth Brauer, Thomas M. MacDonald, Isla S. Mackenzie and Li Wei

Estimating the impact of reopening schools on the reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 in England, using weekly contact survey data

Schools were closed in England on 4 January 2021 as part of increased national restrictions to curb transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The UK government reopened schools on 8 March. Although there was evidence of low...

Authors: James D. Munday, Christopher I. Jarvis, Amy Gimma, Kerry L. M. Wong, Kevin van Zandvoort, Sebastian Funk and W. John Edmunds

Genome-wide analysis of blood lipid metabolites in over 5000 South Asians reveals biological insights at cardiometabolic disease loci

Genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors can lead to perturbations in circulating lipid levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, how changes in individual lipid spec...

Authors: Eric L. Harshfield, Eric B. Fauman, David Stacey, Dirk S. Paul, Daniel Ziemek, Rachel M. Y. Ong, John Danesh, Adam S. Butterworth, Asif Rasheed, Taniya Sattar, Zameer-ul-Asar, Imran Saleem, Zoubia Hina, Unzila Ishtiaq, Nadeem Qamar, Nadeem Hayat Mallick…

Can complement fix placental malaria?

Authors: Justin Y. A. Doritchamou and Patrick E. Duffy

Patient and health provider costs of integrated HIV, diabetes and hypertension ambulatory health services in low-income settings — an empirical socio-economic cohort study in Tanzania and Uganda

Integration of health services might be an efficient strategy for managing multiple chronic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa, considering the scope of treatments and synergies in service delivery. Proven to pr...

Authors: Tinevimbo Shiri, Josephine Birungi, Anupam V. Garrib, Sokoine L. Kivuyo, Ivan Namakoola, Janneth Mghamba, Joshua Musinguzi, Godfather Kimaro, Gerald Mutungi, Moffat J. Nyirenda, Joseph Okebe, Kaushik Ramaiya, M. Bachmann, Nelson K. Sewankambo, Sayoki Mfinanga, Shabbar Jaffar…

Reproductive issues in carriers of germline pathogenic variants in the BRCA1/2 genes: an expert meeting

Healthy individuals and patients with cancer who are carriers of germline pathogenic variants in the BRCA1/2 genes face multiple reproductive challenges that require appropriate counseling and specific expertise.

Authors: Barbara Buonomo, Claudia Massarotti, Miriam Dellino, Paola Anserini, Alberta Ferrari, Maria Campanella, Mirosa Magnotti, Cristofaro De Stefano, Fedro Alessandro Peccatori and Matteo Lambertini

Tuberculosis related disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The sustainable development goals aim to improve health for all by 2030. They incorporate ambitious goals regarding tuberculosis (TB), which may be a significant cause of disability, yet to be quantified. Ther...

Authors: Kefyalew Addis Alene, Kinley Wangdi, Samantha Colquhoun, Kudakwashe Chani, Tauhid Islam, Kalpeshsinh Rahevar, Fukushi Morishita, Anthony Byrne, Justin Clark and Kerri Viney

Correction to: Association between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

Authors: Katherine Davis, Pablo Perez-Guzman, Annika Hoyer, Ralph Brinks, Edward Gregg, Keri N. Althoff, Amy C. Justice, Peter Reiss, Simon Gregson and Mikaela Smit

The effects of selected inhibitors on human fetal adrenal steroidogenesis differs under basal and ACTH-stimulated conditions

Disordered fetal adrenal steroidogenesis can cause marked clinical effects including virilization of female fetuses. In postnatal life, adrenal disorders can be life-threatening due to the risk of adrenal cris...

Authors: Cecilie Melau, Malene Lundgaard Riis, John E. Nielsen, Signe Perlman, Lene Lundvall, Lea Langhoff Thuesen, Kristine Juul Hare, Mette Schou Hammerum, Rod T. Mitchell, Hanne Frederiksen, Anders Juul and Anne Jørgensen

Renal function and lipid metabolism are major predictors of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness—the LIFE-Adult Study

Circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT) as assessed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a new technique used for the detection and evaluation of glaucoma and other...

Authors: Franziska G. Rauscher, Mengyu Wang, Mike Francke, Kerstin Wirkner, Anke Tönjes, Christoph Engel, Joachim Thiery, Peter Stenvinkel, Michael Stumvoll, Markus Loeffler, Tobias Elze and Thomas Ebert

Advancing the diagnosis and classification of renal cell carcinomas

Authors: Joseph A. Rothwell

Absolute quantitative proteomics using the total protein approach to identify novel clinical immunohistochemical markers in renal neoplasms

Renal neoplasms encompass a variety of malignant and benign tumors, including many with shared characteristics. The diagnosis of these renal neoplasms remains challenging with currently available tools. In thi...

Authors: Susana Jorge, José L. Capelo, William LaFramboise, Swati Satturwar, Dimitrios Korentzelos, Sheldon Bastacky, Gabriela Quiroga-Garza, Rajiv Dhir, Jacek R. Wiśniewski, Carlos Lodeiro and Hugo M. Santos

Correction to: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in BRIC countries: the cases of Brazil, Russia, India, and China

Authors: Luca Richeldi, Adalberto Sperb Rubin, Sergey Avdeev, Zarir F. Udwadia and Zuo Jun Xu

Development of models for cervical cancer screening: construction in a cross-sectional population and validation in two screening cohorts in China

Current methods for cervical cancer screening result in an increased number of referrals and unnecessary diagnostic procedures. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a more accurate model for cervical cance...

Authors: Zeni Wu, Tingyuan Li, Yongli Han, Mingyue Jiang, Yanqin Yu, Huifang Xu, Lulu Yu, Jianfeng Cui, Bin Liu, Feng Chen, Jian Yin, Xun Zhang, Qinjing Pan, Youlin Qiao and Wen Chen

Bacterial vaginosis: drivers of recurrence and challenges and opportunities in partner treatment

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal dysbiosis to affect women globally, yet an unacceptably high proportion of women experience BV recurrence within 6 months of recommended antibiotic therapy. ...

Authors: Lenka A. Vodstrcil, Christina A. Muzny, Erica L. Plummer, Jack D. Sobel and Catriona S. Bradshaw

Combined homologous recombination repair deficiency and immune activation analysis for predicting intensified responses of anthracycline, cyclophosphamide and taxane chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive disease with abundant variants that cause homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD). Whether TNBC patients with HRD are sensitive to anthr...

Authors: Gaoming Liao, Zedong Jiang, Yiran Yang, Cong Zhang, Meiting Jiang, Jiali Zhu, Liwen Xu, Aimin Xie, Min Yan, Yunpeng Zhang, Yun Xiao and Xia Li

Prescribing of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin to older people with atrial fibrillation in UK general practice: a cohort study

Anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) has, historically, been under-used in older people. The aim of this study was to investigate prescribing of oral anticoagulants (OACs) for peop...

Authors: Anneka Mitchell, Julia Snowball, Tomas J. Welsh, Margaret C. Watson and Anita McGrogan

The association between mechanical ventilator compatible bed occupancy and mortality risk in intensive care patients with COVID-19: a national retrospective cohort study

The literature paints a complex picture of the association between mortality risk and ICU strain.

Authors: Harrison Wilde, Thomas Mellan, Iwona Hawryluk, John M. Dennis, Spiros Denaxas, Christina Pagel, Andrew Duncan, Samir Bhatt, Seth Flaxman, Bilal A. Mateen and Sebastian J. Vollmer

Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence

This study applies an umbrella review approach to summarise the global evidence on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with pre-existing health conditions.

Authors: Marina Treskova-Schwarzbach, Laura Haas, Sarah Reda, Antonia Pilic, Anna Borodova, Kasra Karimi, Judith Koch, Teresa Nygren, Stefan Scholz, Viktoria Schönfeld, Sabine Vygen-Bonnet, Ole Wichmann and Thomas Harder

Interventions to control nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a modelling study

Emergence of more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants requires more efficient control measures to limit nosocomial transmission and maintain healthcare capacities during pandemic waves. Yet the relative importan...

Authors: Thi Mui Pham, Hannan Tahir, Janneke H. H. M. van de Wijgert, Bastiaan R. Van der Roest, Pauline Ellerbroek, Marc J. M. Bonten, Martin C. J. Bootsma and Mirjam E. Kretzschmar

Exposure assessment in early life: it is about time for multi-omics approaches

Authors: Jantje Goerdten and Anna Floegel

Risk of incident fractures in individuals hospitalised due to unexplained syncope and orthostatic hypotension

Impaired orthostatic blood pressure response and syncope confer a high risk of falls and trauma. The relationship between a history of unexplained syncope and orthostatic hypotension (OH) with subsequent fract...

Authors: Madeleine Johansson, Cecilia Rogmark, Richard Sutton, Artur Fedorowski and Viktor Hamrefors

Liquid biopsy posttreatment surveillance in endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cost-effective strategy to integrate circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA

The optimal posttreatment surveillance strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. Circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus (cfEBV) DNA has been recognized as a promising biomarker to facilita...

Authors: Chen-Fei Wu, Li Lin, Yan-Ping Mao, Bin Deng, Jia-Wei Lv, Wei-Hong Zheng, Dan-Wan Wen, Jia Kou, Fo-Ping Chen, Xing-Li Yang, Si-Si Xu, Jun Ma, Guan-Qun Zhou and Ying Sun

Benefits and harms of Risperidone and Paliperidone for treatment of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis involving individual participant data and clinical study reports

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe mental illnesses which are highly prevalent worldwide. Risperidone and Paliperidone are treatments for either illnesses, but their efficacy compared to other antip...

Authors: Alexander Hodkinson, Carl Heneghan, Kamal R. Mahtani, Evangelos Kontopantelis and Maria Panagioti

Reduced risk of placental parasitemia associated with complement fixation on Plasmodium falciparum by antibodies among pregnant women

The pathogenesis of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) involves accumulation of P. falciparum-infected red blood cells (pRBCs) in the placenta, contributing to poor pregnancy outcomes. Parasite accumulation is primarily ...

Authors: D. Herbert Opi, Michelle J. Boyle, Alistair R. D. McLean, Linda Reiling, Jo-Anne Chan, Danielle I. Stanisic, Alice Ura, Ivo Mueller, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Stephen J. Rogerson and James G. Beeson

Comparative kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike protein RBD IgGs and neutralizing antibodies in convalescent and naïve recipients of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine versus COVID-19 patients

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, has caused a still evolving global pandemic. Given the worldwide vaccination campaign, the understanding of the vaccine-induced versus COVID-19-induced ...

Authors: Ioannis P. Trougakos, Evangelos Terpos, Christina Zirou, Aimilia D. Sklirou, Filia Apostolakou, Sentiljana Gumeni, Ioanna Charitaki, Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou, Tina Bagratuni, Christine-Ivy Liacos, Andreas Scorilas, Eleni Korompoki, Ioannis Papassotiriou, Efstathios Kastritis and Meletios A. Dimopoulos

Increased habitual flavonoid intake predicts attenuation of cognitive ageing in twins

Although the pathophysiology of cognitive decline is multifactorial, and modifiable by lifestyle, the evidence for the role of diet on cognitive function is still accumulating, particularly the potentially pre...

Authors: Amy Jennings, Claire J. Steves, Alexander Macgregor, Tim Spector and Aedín Cassidy

Correction to: Following the science? Comparison of methodological and reporting quality of covid-19 and other research from the first wave of the pandemic

Authors: Terence J. Quin, Jennifer K. Burton, Ben Carter, Nicola Cooper, Kerry Dwan, Ryan Field, Suzane C. Freeman, Claudia Gue, Ping-Hsuan Hsieh, Kris McGill, Clareece R. Nevill, Dikshyanta Rana, Alex Sutton, Martin Taylor Rowan and Yiqiao Xin

Choice of HbA1c threshold for identifying individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes and implications for diabetes prevention programmes: a cohort study

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is common and increasing in prevalence. It is possible to prevent or delay T2D using lifestyle intervention programmes. Entry to these programmes is usually determined by a measure of gly...

Authors: Lauren R. Rodgers, Anita V. Hill, John M. Dennis, Zoe Craig, Benedict May, Andrew T. Hattersley, Timothy J. McDonald, Rob C. Andrews, Angus Jones and Beverley M. Shields

Effects of the Norfolk diabetes prevention lifestyle intervention (NDPS) on glycaemic control in screen-detected type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

The purpose of this trial was to test if the Norfolk Diabetes Prevention Study (NDPS) lifestyle intervention, recently shown to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in high-risk groups, also improved glycae...

Authors: Michael Sampson, Allan Clark, Max Bachmann, Nikki Garner, Lisa Irvine, Amanda Howe, Colin Greaves, Sara Auckland, Jane Smith, Jeremy Turner, Dave Rea, Gerry Rayman, Ketan Dhatariya, W. Garry John, Garry Barton, Rebecca Usher…

Physician-directed genetic screening to evaluate personal risk for medically actionable disorders: a large multi-center cohort study

The use of proactive genetic screening for disease prevention and early detection is not yet widespread. Professional practice guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) have ...

Authors: Eden V. Haverfield, Edward D. Esplin, Sienna J. Aguilar, Kathryn E. Hatchell, Kelly E. Ormond, Andrea Hanson-Kahn, Paldeep S. Atwal, Sarah Macklin-Mantia, Stephanie Hines, Caron W.-M. Sak, Steven Tucker, Steven B. Bleyl, Peter J. Hulick, Ora K. Gordon, Lea Velsher, Jessica Y. J. Gu…

Refining pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma molecular subtype and precision therapeutics with single-nucleus RNA-seq

Authors: Lishu He

Recent advances in diabetic kidney disease

Authors: Mohamad Hanouneh, Justin B. Echouffo Tcheugui and Bernard G. Jaar

Assessing the capacity and findings of routine programmatic data in Kenya to guide decision-making around contraceptives and antiretroviral therapy

Authors: Beth A. Tippett Barr

Pregnancies among women living with HIV using contraceptives and antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya: a retrospective, cohort study

Preventing unintended pregnancies is paramount for women living with HIV (WLHIV). Previous studies have suggested that efavirenz-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces contraceptive effectiveness of i...

Authors: Rena C. Patel, Gustavo Amorim, Beatrice Jakait, Bryan E. Shepherd, A. Rain Mocello, Beverly Musick, Caitlin Bernard, Maricianah Onono, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Craig R. Cohen and Constantin T. Yiannoutsos