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Table 2 Proteomics studies

From: Diagnostic ‘omics’ for active tuberculosis

Study

Sample

Data access

Country

Classes

Number

Case definition

Independent test setc

Validation setd

Evaluation of accuracy

Signature size

Protein biomarkers identified

HIV status

Prior TB treatmenta

TB location

Microbiologically provenb

TST

IGRA

Achkar et al., 2015 [77]

Serum

Y

US

TB

37

–

≤7d

P, EP

U

  

N

N

Y

10

Y

LTBI

34

–

   

+

+/–

HC

20

–

   

–

 

OD

19

–

     

TB

10

+

≤7d

P, EP

U

  

8

LTBI

23

+

   

+

+/–

HC

16

+

   

–

 

OD

26

+

     

Wang et al., 2015 [102]

Serum

N

China

TB

122

–

–

P

U

  

N

N

Y

5

Y

Treated

91

–

2 m

    

Cured

59

–

≥6 m

    

HC

122

      

Liu et al., 2015 [72]

Serum

N

China

SP-TB

49

–

–

P

Y

  

Y

N

Y

3

N

SN-TB

66

–

–

P

Y

  

HC

80

–

     

Xu et al., 2015 [69]

Serum

N

China

TB

40

–

–

P

Y

  

N

N

Y

3

N

HC

40

      

OD

80

      

Zhang et al., 2014 [103]

Plasma

N

China

LTBI

71

–

   

+

+

Y

N

Y

19

Y

HC

75

–

   

–

–

Xu et al., 2014 [92]

Serum

N

China

TB

76

–

 

P

U

  

N

N

Y

3

Y

HC

56

      

Song et al., 2014 [104]

Serum

N

South Korea

TB

26

 

–

P

U

  

N

N

Y

1

Y

HC

31

      

Nahid et al., 2014 [105]

Serum

N

Uganda

TB

39

–

≤5d

P

Y

  

N

N

Y

4

Y

Responder

19

–

2 m

    

Non-responder

20

–

2 m

    

Ou et al., 2013 [106]

CSF

N

China

EP-TB

45

 

–

EP

Y

  

N

N

N

N/Ae

Y

HC

45

      

OD

45

      

Liu et al., 2013 [70]

Serum

N

China

TB

180

–

–

P

U

  

Y

N

Y

4

N

HC

91

–

     

OD

120

–

     

De Groote et al., 2013 [107]

Serum

N

Uganda

TB

39

–

≤5d

P

Y

  

N

N

N

N/Ae

Y

Treated

39

–

2 m

    

Zhang et al., 2012 [71]

Serum

N

China

TB

129

  

P

Y

+

 

N

N

Y

3

N

LTBI

36

    

+

 

HC

30

      

OD

69

      

Sandhu et al., 2012 [73]

Plasma

N

Peru

TB

151

  

P

Y

  

N

N

Y

 

N

OD (+LTBI)

53

     

+

33

OD (-LTBI)

44

     

–

57

OD all

110

     

+/–

98

Liu et al., 2011 [75]

Serum

N

China

TB

80

–

 

P

U

  

Y

N

Y

3

N

HC

32

–

     

OD

36

–

     

Deng et al., 2011 [74]

Serum

N

China

TB

37

–

–

P

Y

  

Y

N

Y

5

N

EP-TB

81

–

–

EP, P

U

  

HC

40

–

    

–

OD

35

–

    

–

Tanaka et al., 2011 [108]

Plasma

N

Japan, Vietnam

TB

39

–

≤7d

P

Y

  

N

N

N

N/Ae

Y

HC

63

      

Liu et al., 2010 [76]

Serum

N

China

SP-TB

51

–

 

P

Y

  

Y

N

Y

9

N

SN-TB

36

–

 

P

Y

  

2

HC

55

–

      

OD

13

–

     

Agranoff et al., 2006 [68]

Serum

N

Uganda, The Gambia, Angola, UK

TB

197

+/–

≤7d

P, EP

Y

  

Y

Y

Y

4

Y

HC

25

+/–

     

OD

168

+/–

     
  1. CSF Cerebrospinal fluid, TB Active tuberculosis, LTBI Latent TB infection, HC Healthy controls, OD Other diseases, SP Smear positive, SN Smear negative, EP Extrapulmonary, P Pulmonary; Y yes, N no
  2. anumber of days (d) or months (m) on treatment at time of sampling
  3. bU if unclear whether all TB cases were microbiologically confirmed, e.g. if diagnosis was based on Mtb culture or chest X-ray or TB symptoms, or if microbiologically proven and unproven TB cases were grouped together
  4. cnever involved in training the model (nested, k-fold or leave-one-out cross-validation (without test) are not considered to make use of an independent test set)
  5. dnew, independent set of samples, e.g. from different ethnic background or geographic location
  6. eDifferentially expressed proteins were identified but suitability as biomarkers was not assessed
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BMC Medicine

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