1. | The scope of interest includes non-biomedical subjects alongside biomedical topics |
2. | The website contains spelling and grammar errors |
3. | Images are distorted/fuzzy, intended to look like something they are not, or which are unauthorized |
4. | The homepage language targets authors |
5. | The Index Copernicus Value is promoted on the website |
6. | Description of the manuscript handling process is lacking |
7. | Manuscripts are requested to be submitted via email |
8. | Rapid publication is promised |
9. | There is no retraction policy |
10. | Information on whether and how journal content will be digitally preserved is absent |
11. | The Article processing/publication charge is very low (e.g., < $150 USD) |
12. | Journals claiming to be open access either retain copyright of published research or fail to mention copyright |
13. | The contact email address is non-professional and non-journal affiliated (e.g., @gmail.com or @yahoo.com) |