Table 1 Completeness of reporting of individual TRIPOD items (n = 170 models)
Complete reporting for > 75% of the models | Complete reporting for < 25% of the models | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TRIPOD items | % | TRIPOD items | % | ||
19b | Give an overall interpretation of the results, considering objectives, limitations, results from similar studies, and other relevant evidence | 96 | 10b | Specify type of model, all model-building procedures (including any predictor selection), and method for internal validation | 24 |
4a | Describe the study design or source of data (e.g. randomised trial, cohort, or registry data), separately for the development and validation data sets, if applicable | 95 | 10d | Specify all measures used to assess model performance and, if relevant, to compare multiple models | 21 |
11 | Provide details on how risk groups were created, if done | 90 | 13b | Describe the characteristics of the participants (basic demographics, clinical features, available predictors), including the number of participants with missing data for predictors and outcome | 21 |
18 | Discuss any limitations of the study (such as non-representative sample, few events per predictor, missing data) | 88 | 15a | Present the full prediction model to allow predictions for individuals (i.e. all regression coefficients, and model intercept or baseline survival at a given time point) | 17 |
3a | Explain the medical context (including whether diagnostic or prognostic) and rationale for developing or validating the multivariable prediction model, including references to existing models | 81 | 16 | Report performance measures (with confidence intervals [CIs]) for the prediction model | 14 |
5b | Describe eligibility criteria for participants | 79 | 17 | If done, report the results from any model updating (i.e. model specification, model performance) | 14 |
| Â | 12 | For validation, identify any differences from the development data in setting, eligibility criteria, outcome, and predictors | 11 | ||
7b | Report any actions to blind assessment of predictors for the outcome and other predictors | 6 | |||
1 | Identify the study as developing and/or validating a multivariable prediction model, the target population, and the outcome to be predicted | 5 | |||
2 | Provide a summary of objectives, study design, setting, participants, sample size, predictors, outcome, statistical analysis, results, and conclusions | 2 | |||