Stroke population after matching | VKA (n = 347,240) | DOAC (n = 347,240) | SMD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After | ||||
Age | Mean(± SD) | 75.78 (± 8.84) | 75.70 (± 9.85) | 0.03 | 0.01 |
Median | 77 | 77 | Â | Â | |
Age distribution (%) | 18–36 | 0.09 | 0.19 |  |  |
37–54 | 2.14 | 3.22 |  |  | |
55–72 | 27.53 | 27.43 |  |  | |
73+ | 70.24 | 69.16 | Â | Â | |
Female sex (%) |  | 52.02 | 53.00 | − 0.07 | − 0.02 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | Mean (± SD) | 4.45 (± 1.70) | 4.39 (± 1.77) | 0.12 | 0.04 |
Median | 4 | 4 | Â | Â | |
CHA2DS2-VASc score distribution (%) | 0–1 | 3.77 | 5.29 |  |  |
2–3 | 25.12 | 25.28 |  |  | |
4–5 | 44.74 | 43.23 |  |  | |
6–7 | 22.41 | 22.02 |  |  | |
8–9 | 3.96 | 4.18 |  |  | |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | Mean (± SD) | 2.92 (± 2.63) | 2.84 (± 2.63) | 0.09 | 0.03 |
Median | 2 | 2 | Â | Â | |
Charlson Comorbidity Index distribution (%) | 0–4 | 76.76 | 77.66 |  |  |
5–9 | 20.91 | 20.03 |  |  | |
10–15 | 2.24 | 2.24 |  |  | |
15+ | 0.16 | 0.14 | Â | Â | |
Number of distinct prescriptions (ATCs) | Mean (± SD) | 12.50 (± 5.72) | 12.43 (± 5.78) | 0.05 | 0.01 |
Median | 12 | 11 | Â | Â | |
Number of prescriptions (ATCs) | Mean (± SD) | 35.43 (± 21.17) | 34.88 (± 21.43) | 0.08 | 0.03 |
Median | 31 | 30 | Â | Â | |
Number of diagnoses (ICD codes) | Mean (± SD) | 28.21 (± 15.39) | 27.97 (± 15.52) | 0.04 | 0.02 |
Median | 26 | 25 | Â | Â | |
Prescribed medicines (%) | Antiarrhythmic agents | 90.47 | 90.41 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
Antihypertensive drugs | 80.94 | 80.39 | 0.06 | 0.01 | |
Antiplatelet drugs | 25.14 | 25.56 | − 0.03 | − 0.01 | |
Corticosteroids (systemic use) | 14.83 | 15.09 | − 0.03 | − 0.01 | |
Fondaparinux | 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
Heparins | 27.02 | 23.44 | 0.36 | 0.07 | |
Insulin | 10.98 | 10.57 | 0.04 | 0.01 | |
Lipid-lowering agents | 47.61 | 46.35 | 0.09 | 0.03 | |
NSAIDs | 40.00 | 40.79 | − 0.05 | − 0.02 | |
Oral anti-diabetic drugs | 20.12 | 20.09 | 0.01 | 0.00 | |
Peptic ulcer/reflux disease | 49.88 | 50.32 | − 0.04 | − 0.01 | |
SSRIs | 5.39 | 5.62 | − 0.04 | − 0.01 | |
Comorbidities (%) | Alcohol abuse/addiction | 2.33 | 2.42 | − 0.02 | − 0.01 |
Bleeding extracerebral | 5.53 | 5.11 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |
Bleeding GI | 5.81 | 5.68 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
Bleeding intracerebral | 0.45 | 0.48 | − 0.02 | 0.00 | |
Cancer | 19.77 | 19.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
Coagulopathy | 1.81 | 1.63 | 0.03 | 0.01 | |
Congestive heart failure | 28.97 | 27.18 | 0.12 | 0.04 | |
COPD | 16.04 | 15.79 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
Coronary heart disease | 40.67 | 38.72 | 0.13 | 0.04 | |
Diabetes | 38.69 | 37.84 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |
Diverticulitis | 10.66 | 10.80 | − 0.01 | 0.00 | |
Embolism systemic | 0.80 | 0.70 | 0.03 | 0.01 | |
Embolism venous | 5.15 | 4.75 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |
Esophageal varices | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
Hypertension | 88.14 | 87.79 | 0.05 | 0.01 | |
Ischemic stroke | 8.62 | 8.41 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
Liver disease | 13.48 | 13.31 | 0.02 | 0.00 | |
Nicotine use/dependence | 4.44 | 4.51 | − 0.01 | 0.00 | |
Renal disease | 14.88 | 13.31 | 0.12 | 0.04 | |
Upper GI | 25.97 | 26.25 | − 0.03 | −  0.01 | |
Vascular disease | 21.99 | 21.54 | 0.04 | 0.01 | |
Vascular dementia | 1.87 | 1.99 | − 0.05 | − 0.01 | |
Venous malformation | 1.85 | 1.64 | 0.04 | 0.02 |