Characteristics | Comparison | Univariable analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survivors (n = 349) | Non-survivors (n = 120) | HR | 95% CI | p value | |
Age, years | 66.0 (60.0–74.0) | 69.0 (60.0–75.0) | 1.018 | 1.000–1.036 | 0.05 |
Sex | |||||
 Male | 210 (60.2) | 82 (68.3) | 1.000 |  | |
 Female | 139 (39.8) | 38 (31.7) | 0.739 | 0.503–1.086 | 0.12 |
Hypertension | |||||
 No | 250 (71.6) | 76 (63.3) | 1.000 |  | |
 Yes | 99 (28.4) | 44 (36.7) | 1.382 | 0.954–2.004 | 0.09 |
Diabetes mellitus | |||||
 No | 260 (74.5) | 87 (72.5) | 1.000 |  | |
 Yes | 89 (25.4) | 33 (27.7) | 1.144 | 0.766–1.707 | 0.51 |
Cancer type | |||||
 Lung | 40 (11.5) | 39 (32.5) | 1.000 |  | |
 Hepatobiliary-pancreas | 122 (35.0) | 29 (24.2) | 0.329 | 0.203–0.533 | < 0.001 |
 Gastrointestinal | 50 (14.3) | 12 (10.0) | 0.325 | 0.170–0.622 | 0.001 |
 Gynecologic | 44 (12.6) | 5 (4.2) | 0.164 | 0.065–0.416 | < 0.001 |
 Urologic | 33 (9.5) | 9 (7.5) | 0.362 | 0.175–0.748 | 0.006 |
 Others | 60 (17.2) | 26 (21.7) | 0.548 | 0.334–0.901 | 0.02 |
Focus of infection | |||||
 Pneumonia | 61 (17.5) | 45 (37.5) | 1.000 |  | |
 Urinary tract infection | 53 (15.2) | 12 (10.0) | 0.390 | 0.206–0.738 | 0.004 |
 Colitis | 45 (12.9) | 14 (11.7) | 0.519 | 0.285–0.945 | 0.03 |
 Cholangitis/cholecystitis | 106 (30.4) | 24 (20.0) | 0.387 | 0.235–0.635 | < 0.001 |
 Others/unknown | 63 (18.1) | 12 (10.0) | 0.329 | 0.174–0.622 | 0.001 |
 Multiple focus | 21 (6.0) | 13 (10.8) | 0.878 | 0.474–1.627 | 0.68 |
Vital signs at ED admission | |||||
 Systolic BP, mmHg | 90.0 (79.0–110.0) | 90.0 (78.0–118.5) | 1.004 | 0.998–1.011 | 0.20 |
 Diastolic BP, mmHg | 57.0 (48.0–66.0) | 56.0 (49.0–70.0) | 1.005 | 0.995–1.014 | 0.33 |
 Heart rate/min | 115 (97–131) | 117 (96–132) | 1.001 | 0.993–1.008 | 0.84 |
 Respiratory rate/min | 20 (18–22) | 22 (20–26) | 1.084 | 1.057–1.113 | < 0.001 |
 Body temperature, °C | 38.1 (37.1–39.0) | 37.3 (36.6–37.9) | 0.638 | 0.546–0.745 | < 0.001 |
 Altered mentation | 36 (50.7) | 35 (49.3) | 2.988 | 2.014–4.431 | < 0.001 |
Laboratory values | |||||
 White blood cell, /μL | 7890 (2740–14,300) | 9815 (4365–17,570) | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.04 |
 Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.2 (8.5–11.6) | 9.8 (8.4–11.5) | 0.994 | 0.915–1.080 | 0.88 |
 Platelet count, × 1000/μL | 144 (70–228) | 140 (66–224) | 1.000 | 0.998–1.001 | 0.69 |
 PT, INR | 1.25 (1.14–1.43) | 1.39 (1.25–1.61) | 1.229 | 1.075–1.405 | 0.003 |
 Albumin, g/dL | 2.9 (2.5–3.3) | 2.5 (2.2–3.0) | 0.451 | 0.334–0.610 | < 0.001 |
 BUN, mg/dL | 23 (16–33) | 30 (19–44) | 1.012 | 1.005–1.018 | 0.001 |
 Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.16 (0.87–1.80) | 1.29 (0.84–2.19) | 1.104 | 0.987–1.233 | 0.08 |
 CRP, mg/dL | 12.0 (5.8–20.6) | 14.0 (7.6–25.4) | 1.011 | 0.997–1.026 | 0.13 |
 Lactic acid, mmol/L | 3.1 (1.8–4.9) | 4.6 (2.5–8.3) | 1.177 | 1.127–1.228 | < 0.001 |
Severity scorea | |||||
 SOFA score | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | 10.0 (7.0–13.0) | 1.246 | 1.190–1.305 | < 0.001 |
 APACHE II score | 18.0 (14.0–23.0) | 24.0 (18.0–32.0) | 1.088 | 1.069–1.108 | < 0.001 |