Fig. 2

Associations of sleep apnoea with the incidence of glaucoma and AMD by different subgroups in UK Biobank. Three different models were used to adjust for covariates. Sex was not included as a covariate for sex subgroup analysis, and disease status was not included as a covariate for its specific subgroup analysis. Model 1: cox regression models adjusted for age and sex; model 2: adjusted for age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, ethnic group, smoking status, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, systolic blood pressure, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Model 3: included model 2 variables plus indicator variables for wearing glasses, having any hospital inpatient records, having any primary care clinical records, and giving consent to touchscreen questionnaires. AMD, age-related macular degeneration; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; DM, diabetes; CVD, cardiovascular disease