Table 3 Risk of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE, conditional on having disease or condition) in all countries at two thresholds of income (10 and 25%) by health service type and wealth quintile. The unit cost of health services is noted underneath health service descriptions; estimates on health service unit costs were available by country income group: low-income (LI) and lower-middle-income (LMI). See Additional file 1: Table A.4 for detailed health service descriptions
Health service type | Risk of CHE 10% threshold (25% threshold in parentheses) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Code | Description | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Total |
Childhood health | |||||||
HC42 | Acute pharyngitis treatment | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $0.17, LMI $0.24 | |||||||
Infectious & parasitic diseases | |||||||
C7 | Intermittent preventive treatment (pregnancy) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $0.45, LMI $1.02 | |||||||
HC8 | HIV & syphilis PMTCT | 20.6 (8.1) | 11.9 (1.3) | 5.8 (0.0) | 4.1 (0.0) | 1.1 (0.0) | 8.7 (1.9) |
LI $176.35, LMI $313.51 | |||||||
HC12 | Diagnosis & treatment of infections (IMCI) | 0.4 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) |
LI $4.79, LMI $10.29 | |||||||
HC13 | ART and viral load monitoring | 4.3 (0.7) | 0.5 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.1) |
LI $71.45, LMI $121.57 | |||||||
HC17 | Syndromic management of STIs | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $5.67, LMI $10.69 | |||||||
HC23 | HIV, STIs, hepatitis testing, and counseling | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $4.31, LMI $6.08 | |||||||
HC27 | Diagnosis and treatment of TB | 26.0 (11.2) | 16.0 (2.0) | 11.0 (0.0) | 5.2 (0.0) | 1.2 (0.0) | 11.9 (2.6) |
LI $135.09, LMI $175.65 | |||||||
HC30 | Management and referrals for fever (IMAI) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $3.11, LMI $6.83 | |||||||
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) | |||||||
HC38 | Aspirin for acute myocardial infarction | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $0.03, LMI $0.05 | |||||||
HC40 | Screening and management of diabetes | 5.1 (1.9) | 3.1 (0.1) | 1.3 (0.0) | 0.6 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.0 (0.4) |
LI $64.16, LMI $92.52 | |||||||
HC43 | Management of ischemic heart disease | 13.8 (8.5) | 13.3 (1.6) | 8.8 (0.1) | 4.6 (0.0) | 0.9 (0.0) | 8.3 (2.1) |
LI $83.97, LMI $190.17 | |||||||
HC44 | Management of heart failure | 14.6 (13.2) | 15.4 (11.7) | 15.7 (8.4) | 16.7 (3.9) | 13.8 (1.1) | 15.2 (7.7) |
LI $249.96, LMI $342.48 | |||||||
HC47 | Palliative care | 2.2 (1.1) | 1.6 (0.0) | 1.1 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.2) |
LI $64.63, LMI $21.32 | |||||||
HC49 | Management of bipolar disorder | 26.2 (22.8) | 27.2 (17.1) | 27.4 (5.5) | 26.9 (0.4) | 16.3 (0.0) | 24.8 (9.2) |
LI $184.57, LMI $365.39 | |||||||
HC50 | Management of depression | 3.6 (0.4) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.7 (0.1) |
LI $16.11, LMI $48.02 | |||||||
HC51 | Management of epilepsy | 5.5 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.2 (0.2) |
LI $27.53, LMI $53.73 | |||||||
HC52 | Management of schizophrenia | 25.8 (17.9) | 26.9 (7.6) | 20.3 (1.0) | 13.1 (0.0) | 5.8 (0.0) | 18.4 (5.3) |
LI $99.43, LMI $329.34 | |||||||
HC66 | Psychosocial support and counseling | 12.2 (3.8) | 6.7 (0.0) | 1.6 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 4.1 (0.8) |
LI $64.63, LMI $21.32 | |||||||
Reproductive health | |||||||
C5 | Antenatal tetanus immunization | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $0.39, LMI $0.44 | |||||||
C13 | Cotrimoxazole for HIV-exposed children | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.0) |
LI $6.55, LMI $11.95 | |||||||
HC1 | Antibiotics for neonatal pneumonia | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $6.22, LMI $6.61 | |||||||
HC2 | Post-abortion care | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $4.54, LMI $8.23 | |||||||
HC3 | Treatment of premature membrane rupture | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $4.04, LMI $4.66 | |||||||
HC4 | Contraceptives | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $4.97, LMI $10.32 | |||||||
HC5 | Kangaroo mother care counseling | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $2.33, LMI $4.61 | |||||||
HC6 | Neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $2.66, LMI $3.51 | |||||||
HC7 | Medical abortion | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) |
LI $4.81, LMI $5.52 | |||||||
HC11 | Basic emergency newborn and obstetric care | 36.3 (12.5) | 27.3 (0.1) | 8.5 (0.0) | 2.2 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 14.9 (2.5) |
LI $69.14, LMI $145.10 | |||||||