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Table 9 Unadjusted mean differences on study outcome measures from baseline to post-intervention

From: Mood, Activity Participation, and Leisure Engagement Satisfaction (MAPLES): results from a randomised controlled pilot feasibility trial for low mood in acquired brain injury

Mean difference (95% CI)

Activity Planning (n = 22)

Activity Engagement (n = 22)

Waitlist Control (n = 16)

BADS

Total

 − 10.42 (− 19.67 to − 1.17)

 − 7.35 (− 14.84 to 0.14)

 − 1.51 (− 13.78 to 10.76)

HADS

 Depression

1.39 (− 0.08 to − 2.86)

2.22 (0.81 to 3.63)

 − 1.95 (− 3.63 to − 0.27)

Anxiety

2.21 (0.93 to − 3.49)

 − 0.30 (− 1.24 to 0.63)

 − 1.17 (− 3.98 to 1.65)

BMQ-S

7.19 (2.26 to 12.13)

2.04 (− 1.03 to 5.11)

 − 2.17 (− 6.24 to 1.89)

MOT-Q

 Lack of denial

0.44 (− 1.22 to 2.11)

1.48 (− 0.28 to 3.24)

 − 0.05 (− 3.46 to 3.36)

 Interest in rehabilitation

0.17 (− 1.77 to 2.12)

0.39 (− 2.35 to 3.12)

 − 2.08 (− 4.31 to 0.16)

 Lack of anger

 − 2.13 (− 3.91 to − 0.35)

 − 0.18 (− 2.54 to 2.17)

0.00 (− 2.60 to 2.60)

IES-R

Avoidance

1.47 (− 0.54 to 3.47)

 − 0.13 (− 2.32 to 2.06)

1.68 (0.04 to 3.31)

 Hyperarousal

1.96 (0.70 to 3.21)

0.85 (− 1.62 to 3.32)

0.58 (− 2.73 to 3.89)

Intrusions

2.58 (0.62 to 4.54)

 − 1.09 (− 3.43 to 1.26)

2.86 (− 0.65 to 6.36)

BIS/BAS

 Inhibition

0.51 (− 1.07 to 2.09)

0.50 (− 0.85 to 1.85)

 − 0.56 (− 2.94 to 1.82)

 Reward responsiveness

 − 0.54 (− 1.93 to 0.85)

 − 1.22 (− 2.69 to 0.26)

 − 0.18 (− 1.77 to 1.42)

Drive

0.21 (− 0.88 to 1.29)

 − 0.58 (− 1.59 to 0.45)

 − 0.06 (− 1.89 to 1.78)

SCS

 Perceived mastery

 − 0.63 (− 2.37 to 1.12)

 − 1.26 (− 3.47 to 0.95)

2.18 (− 2.03 to 6.39)

 Perceived constraints

2.04 (− 2.09 to 6.17)

0.17 (− 2.04 to 2.39)

0.31 (− 3.95 to 4.57)

SHAPS

 − 0.34 (− 0.90 to 0.22)

 − 0.56 (− 1.74 to 0.61)

 − 0.09 (− 1.48 to 1.29)

IU-SF

 Prospective anxiety

0.04 (− 2.03 to − 2.11)

 − 2.30 (− 4.93 to 0.32)

1.46 (− 2.08 to 5.01)

 Inhibitory anxiety

2.91 (1.13 to 4.68)

0.74 (− 1.34 to 2.81)

 − 1.71 (− 4.98 to 1.56)

  1. Of note, negative scores on the BADS, all MOT-Q subscales, BAS-Reward Responsiveness, BAS-Drive, SCS-Perceived Mastery, and SHAPS indicate improvement. Positive scores on the HADS subscales, BMQ-S, IES-R subscales, BIS Inhibition, SCS-Perceived Constraints, and IU-SF subscales indicate improvement
  2. BADS Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, BMQ-S BIRT Motivation Questionnaire-Self, MOT-Q Motivation for Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Questionnaire, IES-R Impact of Event Scale-Revised, BIS/BAS Behavioural Inhibition/Behavioural Activation Scales, SCS Sense of Control Scale, SHAPS Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, IU-SF Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short Form