Fig. 1

Clinical relevance of pyroptosis-related genes in metastatic cutaneous melanoma. A Heatmap showing expression of 74 PRGs in different NMF clusters or PScore groups of metastatic patients in the TCGA-SKCM cohort; red and blue denote high and low expression, respectively. The horizontal axis represents the patients, and the vertical axis represents the PRGs. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), PScore, and patient identities are shown above the heatmap, and the units of PFS and OS in the bar chart are days. Light green and green are used to represent “Low_PS” and “High_PS,” and the grouping threshold was determined by the surv_cutpoint function. Red, blue, and orange represent “Cluster 1,” “Cluster 2” and “Cluster 3” derived from NMF. The results of univariate Cox regression analysis of PRGs are annotated on the left, as well as the PRGs selected as features during NMF. PRGs were partitioned into three subclusters (PRGs_cluster) labeled 1, 2, and 3 on the vertical axis by k-means clustering. B Kaplan‒Meier (KM) curves for OS in metastatic melanoma patients stratified by the NMF algorithm (see the “Methods” section for statistical analysis). The figure above shows the KM curves, with the x-axis showing OS (unit: year) and the vertical axis showing OS rate. The colors of the KM curves represent different clusters. The figure below shows the number of patients at risk at the corresponding time point. C Forest plot showing univariate Cox regression analysis of 74 PRGs in metastatic melanoma patients. The x-axis represents HR, and the y-axis represents PRGs. Insignificant factors and significant protective and risk factors are shown in yellow, blue, and red, respectively. When HR > 1 and p-value < 0.05, the gene was considered a risk factor; when HR < 1 and p-value < 0.05, the gene was considered a protective factor. D Comparison of PScore across NMF-derived clusters. The x-axis represents NMF-derived clusters and the y-axis represents PScore. E KM curves for OS in metastatic melanoma patients stratified by PScore in TCGA-SKCM. F–H KM curves for OS in metastatic melanoma patients stratified by PScore using 3 independent validation datasets with traditional treatment