Fig. 1

The study flowchart. a Enrollment and exclusion of patients in the ATAAD cohort, resulting in the selection of 15 patients with ASA-AKI and 15 age-, gender-, and BMI-matched non-ASA-AKI patients for proteomics analysis. b Composition of the validation cohort, comprising 76 ATAAD patients after exclusion of 7 patients. c Model construction cohort, with 235 ATAAD patients screened and 222 patients enrolled for further analysis. ATAAD, acute type A aortic dissection; BMI, body mass index; ASA-AKI, acute type A aortic dissection surgery-associated acute kidney injury