Fig. 1
Loss of LASS2 indicates a poor chemotherapy response and confers a stem-like phenotype in bladder cancer. A, B Immunohistochemistry staining images and the expression levels of LASS2 (determined by H-Score) in the epithelial (A) and stromal (B) tissues from chemoresistant and chemosensitive bladder cancer specimens. C The mRNA (upper) and protein (lower) expression levels of LASS2 in chemoresistant and chemosensitive bladder cancer specimens. D Proportion of different responders to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in our cohort. Data are presented as percentages and analyzed by the chi-square test. E Graph showing the LASS2 expression levels and IC50 values of the indicated bladder cancer cell lines from the GDSC database. F Kaplan–Meier curve and Log-rank test of overall survival for patients received cisplatin-based chemotherapy in our center. G Percentage of CD44+ALDH1A1−, CD44−ALDH1A1+, CD44+ALDH1A1+, and CD44−ALDH1A1− subpopulations in patients with low expression of LASS2 and those with high expression of LASS2. H Cell viability and cisplatin IC50 of the indicated cells. I Table showing the IC50 values of the 5637 cell line treated with different chemotherapy agents. J Soft agar colony formation assay of the indicated cells treated with 10 μg/mL cisplatin for 24 h. K Flow cytometry analysis and quantitation of the CD44+ALDH1A1+ subpopulation in LASS2 knockdown and control cells. L Sphere formation assay of the indicated cells treated with 10 μg/mL cisplatin for 24 h. Scale bars, 100 μm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of at least three technical replicates. ns, not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, determined by Student’s t test and one-way ANOVA