Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics

N

4319

3089 (71.5)

1230 (28.5)

Age group (years)

 < 0.001

 < 70

548 (12.7)

480 (15.5)

68 (5.5)

 ≥ 80

970 (22.5)

532 (17.2)

438 (35.6)

 70 ~ 79

2801 (64.9)

2077 (67.2)

724 (58.9)

Gender

0.582

 Female

2653 (61.4)

1889 (61.2)

764 (62.1)

 Male

1666 (38.6)

1200 (38.8)

466 (37.9)

Educational level

 < 0.001

 Less than high school

544 (12.6)

288 (9.3)

256 (20.8)

 High school or associate degree

1700 (39.4)

1179 (38.2)

521 (42.4)

 Some college or associate degree

995 (23.0)

755 (24.4)

240 (19.5)

 College degree or above

1080 (25.0)

867 (28.1)

213 (17.3)

Marital status

 < 0.001

 Married

2516 (58.3)

1885 (61.0)

631 (51.3)

 Unmarried

1803 (41.7)

1204 (39.0)

599 (48.7)

Residence

0.37

 Rural

1349 (31.2)

952 (30.8)

397 (32.3)

 Urban

2970 (68.8)

2137 (69.2)

833 (67.7)

Total wealth income

 < 0.001

 Lowest

451 (10.4)

288 (9.3)

163 (13.3)

 Quartile 2

916 (21.2)

625 (20.2)

291 (23.7)

 Quartile 3

1396 (32.3)

1007 (32.6)

389 (31.6)

 Highest

1556 (36.0)

1169 (37.8)

387 (31.5)

BMI (kg/m²)

0.073

 Underweight

50 (1.2)

36 (1.2)

14 (1.1)

 Normal

1266 (29.3)

881 (28.5)

385 (31.3)

 Obesity

968 (22.4)

678 (21.9)

290 (23.6)

 Overweight

2035 (47.1)

1494 (48.4)

541 (44.0)

Physical activity

 < 0.001

 No

843 (19.5)

539 (17.4)

304 (24.7)

 Yes

3476 (80.5)

2550 (82.6)

926 (75.3)

Drinking

 < 0.001

 No

1989 (46.1)

1315 (42.6)

674 (54.8)

 Yes

2330 (53.9)

1774 (57.4)

556 (45.2)

Smoking

0.501

 No

1982 (45.9)

1428 (46.2)

554 (45.0)

 Yes

2337 (54.1)

1661 (53.8)

676 (55.0)